刚性接触网弓网磨耗机理及应对策略

Pantograph-catenary Wear Mechanism and Countermeasures for Rigid Catenary

[目的]刚性接触网具有净空要求低、设备零件少等优点,但也存在着弓网磨耗速度较快、跟随性较差等缺点。在上海轨道交通线网中,架空刚性接触网线路占比逐年提升,受电弓碳滑板及接触线异常磨损情况也有上升趋势。因此需分析刚性接触网弓网磨耗机理,并采取相应的应对策略。[方法]以上海轨道交通刚性接触网线路为例,分析了刚性接触网弓网磨耗机理,并提出了应对策略。[结果及结论]通过改良刚性接触网拉出值布置形式能够改善碳棒局部异常磨损。拉出值范围内的滑动摩擦距离占比平均,可有效改善受电弓碳板局部磨损严重情况。在实际工程中,汇流排跨距应根据线路条件不同进行设置,最大不建议超过10 m。当跨中挠度过大时,应适当增加定位点,以缩短跨距。可通过适当降低列车牵引电流来控制部分锚段接触线磨耗速度过快的情况。

[Objective]Rigid overhead catenary system has advantages such as low clearance requirements and fewer equipment parts,but it also has disadvantages such as rapid pantograph wear and poor tracking capability.In the Shanghai rail transit network,the proportion of overhead rigid catenary lines has been increasing annually,accompanied by a rising trend in abnormal wear of pantograph carbon strips and contact wires.Therefore,it is necessary to analyze the rigid catenary pantograph-catenary wear mechanism and adopt corresponding countermeasures.[Method]Taking the rigid catenary line of Shanghai rail transit as example,the rigid catenary pantograph-catenary wear mechanism is analyzed,and corresponding strategies are proposed.[Result&Conclusion]Improvements in the layout of rigid catenary stagger value can alleviate local abnormal wear of carbon strips.Ensuring an average proportion of sliding friction distances within the stagger value range can effectively mitigate severe local wear of pantograph carbon strips.In practical engineering,the spacing between busbars should be set according to different line conditions,with a maximum recommendation of not exceeding 10 m.When the mid-span deflection is excessive,additional positioning points should be added to shorten the span.Controlling the traction current of trains appropriately can help regulate the excessive wear rate of contact wires in some anchoring segments.