FMECA(故障模式、影响及危害性分析)分析法在车辆检修规程中的应用

Application of FMECA Analysis Method in Vehicle Maintenance Procedures

[目的]为了减少因个人主观因素而产生的分析偏差,提高可靠性分析活动输出结果的可信程度,采用FMECA(故障模式、影响及危害性分析)分析法分析城市轨道交通车辆系统的可靠性。[方法]介绍了FMECA分析法的内涵及其基本流程,以及故障模式下部件可靠性危害度计算方法和危害度分析步骤。采用该方法实例分析了上海轨道交通12号线车辆各部件的风险等级,并以此为基础优化了检修周期。[结果及结论]通过识别,有针对性地检查高危害度部件,适当延长低危害度部件的检修周期,再结合一些轨旁和在线检测设备,能够降低企业的用工成本。在目前车辆可靠性未有明显变化的前提下,相较于传统检修规程,新检修规程下每列列车人工检修工时下降超过10%。

[Objective]To reduce analysis bias caused by subjective factors and enhance the credibility of reliability analysis output results,the FMECA(failure,mode,effect,and critical analysis)method is employed to analyze the reliability of urban rail transit vehicle systems.[Method]The concept and basic process of FMECA method are introduced,as well as the calculation method of component reliability criticality under failure modes and the steps of criticality analysis.Using this method,the risk levels of components of Shanghai Rail Transit Line 12 vehicles are analyzed as example,and the maintenance cycle is optimized based on this analysis.[Result&Conclusion]By identifying and selectively inspecting components with high criticality,and appropriately extending the maintenance cycle of components with low criticality,combined with the use of some wayside and online monitoring equipment,labor costs for the enterprise can be reduced.Under the premise of no significant change in vehicle reliability,compared to conventional maintenance procedures,the new maintenance procedures result in a reduction of over 10%in manual maintenance hours per train.