“她/他这个身材很难练出来!”:谁更在乎社交媒体上身体图片的评论

"Her/his Body Shape is so Hard to Get!":Who Cares more about Comments on Social Media Bodily Pictures

长期以来,大众媒体通过选择性地呈现某种类型的外貌或身材的特征,塑造和强化所谓的“理想身体形象”;社交媒体时代,关于外表与身材的图片、视频与文本内容也在各类平台随处可见,潜移默化地影响着个人对外貌与身材的认知。考虑到身体形象内容在社交媒体上的普遍性和对个人以及社会的负面影响,本研究聚焦小红书平台,基于性别差异理论与社会比较理论,探讨社交媒体上的身体图片、评论内容与评论者性别如何影响社会比较、激励与负面情绪。本研究采用2(参与者性别:男/女)×2(评论者性别:男/女)×2(评论内容:可实现/不可实现)组间因子在线实验(N=292),进行数据收集和分析后发现:在控制社会比较倾向与身体质量指数之后,女性比男性感受到了更多的负面情绪;与不可实现评论相比,可实现评论带来了更多的激励与更少的负面情绪;对于两个性别的参与者来说,同性评论比异性评论引发了更多的社会比较。对于女性参与者,阅读女性发布的可实现评论引发了最高程度的激励情绪;而对于男性参与者,阅读女性发布的不可实现的评论引发了最低程度的激励情绪。这一结论对性别差异以及社会比较研究具有理论和实践意义。

Mass media has played an important role in shaping and continuously reinforcing the"ideal body"through selectively presenting certain types of appearances and bodies.In the age of social media,pictures,videos and texts about appearance and body shape are also featured on various platforms,explicitly or implicitly influencing individuals'perception of body image.Considering the ubiquity of body image content on social media and its negative impacts on individuals and on society,this study focused on Xiaohongshu APP and explored how body pictures,comments and sex affected negative emotions,inspiration and social comparison based on gender differences theorizing and social comparison theory.By adopting a 2(participant sex:male vs.female)×2(commentator sex:male vs.female)x2(comment content:attainable vs.unattainable)betweensubject factorial design,an online experiment(N=292)was conducted.The results showed that,after controlling for social comparison tendency and body mass index,women experienced more negative emotions than men;attainable comments elicited more inspiration and less negative emotion than unattainable comments.Same-sex comments elicited more social comparisons than opposite-sex comments.For female participants,reading attainable comments written by female elicited the highest level of inspiration.While for male participants,reading unattainable comments written by female elicited the lowest level of inspiration.Implications were discussed in terms of gender differences and social comparison.