自控力对高校学生学业成就的驱动效应及其作用机制

The Effect and Mechanism of Self-Control on College Students’Academic Achievement

自控力是高校学生学业成就增值、取得人生长远发展的重要基石。在系统梳理自控力多维理论概念内涵、我国高校学生自控力匮乏行为表征的基础上,构建本土化自控力观测指标体系,利用全国大学生追踪数据,分析自控力对学业成就的驱动效应及作用机制。研究表明,自控力匮乏构成我国高校学生的群体性危机,在学习、生活、网络场域呈现努力控制失败、延迟满足失败、不良作息惯习和数字分心症候特征。自控力通过学业参与的中介作用,对学生当期与长期学业成就形成显著驱动效应。研究为高校提升学生自控力、保障人才培养质量提供科学支撑。

Self-control is an essential cornerstone for the academic achievement and long-term development of college students.This study constructs a localized system of observation indicators for self-control based on a systematic review of the multidimensional theoretical concepts of self-control and the characterization of self-control deficiency among Chinese college students.Utilizing nationwide tracking data of university students,we analyzed the driving effects and mechanisms of self-control on academic achievement.Our findings indicate that a lack of self-control constitutes a collective crisis among Chinese college students,manifesting in characteristics such as difficulty in controlling efforts,failure in delaying gratification,unhealthy sleep habits,and symptoms of digital distraction,across academic,personal,and online domains.Through the mediating effect of academic engagement,self-control exerts a significant driving effect on both current and long-term academic achievement.This study provides scientific support for enhancing self-control among college students and ensuring the quality of talent cultivation in higher education.