中国高质量技术创新:情境叙事与测度体系

High Quality Technology Innovation in China:Contextual Narrative and Measurement System

面对新一轮科技革命和产业变革下颠覆性、变革性、前沿性技术冲击,如何识别和测度高质量技术创新是中国创新驱动发展战略的重大课题。基于中国技术创新典型事实的情境叙事,本文试图构建高质量技术创新的识别框架和测度体系。具体而言,本文首先基于中国技术创新顶层设计的政策文本倾向、高新技术企业申报时的“数量跃进”和专利追赶计划带来的“质量滑坡”等特定情境,揭示了技术创新质量测度的困难性与必要性;其次,基于基因编码的类比叙事、文本分析方法、语义引用逻辑和中国授权发明专利数据库,本文构建了高质量技术创新指标并测度了中国企业层面的技术创新质量;再次,在综合对比现有指标的基础上,本文识别了被引次数这一常用指标在特定情境下存在的系统性偏误和个体性偏误,并利用颗粒工具变量等方法验证了本文技术创新质量指标的有效性;最后,基于现有指标与拓展指标的结合,本文构造了高质量技术创新指标的家族图谱及其应用场景。本文的研究,既可以为正确评估中国技术创新质量和创新激励政策提供学理依据,还可以为学界结合具体应用场景正确使用技术创新质量指标提供有益启示。

In the face of the impact of disruptive,transformative,and cutting-edge technologies under the new round of technological revolution and industrial transformation,how to identify and measure high-quality technological innovation is a major issue in China's innova-tion-driven development strategy.Based on the contextual narrative of typical facts of technological innovation in China,this paper attempts to construct an identification framework and measurement system for high-quality technological innovation.Specifically,this paper reveals the difficulty and necessity of measuring the quality of technological innovation based on the text orientation of the top-level design of tech-nological innovation policies in China,the"quantitative leap"in the declaration of high-tech enterprises and the"quality slope"brought by the patent catch-up program.Secondly,based on the analogical narrative of genetic coding,textual analysis methods,semantic citation logic and the database of granted invention patents in China,this paper constructs indicators of high-quality technological innovation and mea-sures the quality of technological innovation of the enteprsies in China.Moreover,based on a comprehensive comparison of existing indica-tors,this paper identifies the systematic bias and individual bias of the commonly used indicator of the number of citations in specific con-texts,and verifies the validity of this paper's technological innovation quality indicators using methods such as granular instrumental vari-ables.Finally,based on the combination of the existing indicators and the expanded indicators,this paper constructs a family mapping of high-quality technology innovation indicators and their application scenarios.Our research can not only provide a theoretical basis for the correct assessment of the quality of technological innovation and the evaluation of Chinese innovation incentive policies,but also provide use-ful insights into the proper use of technology innovation quality indicators in research with specific application scenarios.