认知抑制、知识经验对创造性思维的影响

The Influence of Cognitive Inhibition,Knowledge and Experience on Creative Thinking

认知抑制、知识经验和创造性思维之间的关系,是创造性认知领域的研究热点之一。通过损耗认知资源的方式操纵被试的认知抑制水平,通过项目熟悉度和任务知识情境丰富性评估被试的知识经验水平,以探讨认知抑制与知识经验在创造性思维中的作用机制。研究结果表明:认知抑制在创造性思维的流畅性、灵活性和独特性上主效应均不显著;项目熟悉度在流畅性和灵活性上主效应不显著,在独特性上主效应显著;任务知识情境丰富性在流畅性、灵活性和独特性上主效应均不显著。认知抑制与项目熟悉度在灵活性上交互作用显著;认知抑制与任务知识情境丰富性在灵活性和独特性上交互作用显著;项目熟悉度与任务知识情境丰富性在流畅性和独特性上交互作用显著。研究结论:认知抑制与创造性思维之间的关系总体上符合适应性抑制观点的预测;知识经验与创造性思维之间的关系符合张力观的预测;知识经验对创造性思维的影响受到认知抑制和任务知识情境丰富性的调节。

The relationship between cognitive inhibition,knowledge experience,and creative thinking is a focal point in the field of creative cognition research.By manipulating participants’levels of cognitive inhibition through the depletion of cognitive resources and assessing their knowledge experience levels through project familiarity and task knowledge context richness,this study explored the mechanisms of cognitive inhibition and knowledge experience in creative thinking.The results showed that the main effects of cognitive inhibition on fluency,flexibility,and originality in creative thinking were not significant.Project familiarity had no significant main effect on fluency and flexibility,but had a significant main effect on originality.Task knowledge context richness did not have significant main effects on fluency,flexibility,or originality.There were significant interactions between cognitive inhibition and project familiarity on flexibility;between cognitive inhibition and task knowledge context richness on flexibility and originality;and between project familiarity and task knowledge context richness on fluency and originality.The study concludes that the relationship between cognitive inhibition and creative thinking generally aligns with the predictions of the adaptive inhibition perspective.The relationship between knowledge experience and creative thinking aligns with the predictions of the tension view.The impact of knowledge experience on creative thinking is moderated by cognitive inhibition and task knowledge context richness.