体育锻炼对青少年执行功能影响的研究进展

Research Progress on the Impact of Physical Exercise on the Executive Function of Adolescents

执行功能是认知功能的重要组成部分,对青少年身心发展至关重要。体育锻炼是促进青少年执行功能发展的天然手段,对执行功能提升具有多方面效益。基于此,该研究从青少年执行功能发展特点出发,首先阐明了其发展特点,随后分别从体育锻炼对青少年执行功能的3个子功能,即抑制控制、工作记忆、认知灵活性的影响展开论述,系统分析了体育锻炼在不同运动强度、运动类型下的具体影响及其影响的神经生理学机制,以期为该领域的后续研究提供参考信息,为青少年认知和心理发展提供理论上的参考,为更好地促进青少年执行功能发展提供实践上的指导。

The executive function is an essential component of the cognitive function,which is crucial for the physical and mental development of adolescents.Physical exercise serves as a natural means to promote the development of the executive function of adolescents,and it has various benefits for its enhancement.Based on this,starting from the developmental characteristics of the executive function of adolescents,this study first elucidates its characteristics,then discusses the impact of physical exercise on the three sub-functions of the executive function of adolescents,namely inhibition control,working memory and cognitive flexibility,and systematically analyzes the specific effects of physical exercise under different intensities and types of exercise,as well as the neurophysiological mechanisms involved,in order to provide reference information for subsequent research in this field,theoretical reference for the cognitive and psychological development of adolescents,and practical guidance for better promoting the development of the executive function of adolescents.