环境规制与中国经济绿色增长研究——基于省级面板数据的经验分析

Research on Environmental Regulation and Green Economic Growth in China:an Empirical Analysis Based on Provincial Panel Data

选取2003—2019年中国30个省份的面板数据,基于DEA-Malmquist指数模型测算绿色全要素生产率并分析其时空演变特征。运用动态面板模型和系统广义矩法检验环境规制对中国绿色全要素生产率的影响。研究表明:总体上,环境规制与绿色全要素生产率符合U型关系;分区域来看,东部地区的环境规制与绿色全要素生产率的关系为U型,中部和西部地区为倒U型;从作用机制来看,技术创新在环境规制对绿色全要素生产率的影响过程中发挥正向中介效应。因此,政府应采取分阶段制定环境政策,尽早跨越“波特拐点”;实行差异化规制手段,统筹区域协调发展;加强技术创新,实现绿色经济高质量发展等措施。

Panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2003 to 2019 are selected to measure green total factor productivity and analyze its temporal and spatial evolution characteristics based on the DEA-Malmquist index model.The dynamic panel model and the systematic generalized method of moments are used to test the impact of environmental regulation on green total factor productivity in China.The study shows that,in general,the relationship between environmental regulation and green total factor productivity is U-shaped;regionally,the relationship between environmental regulation and green total factor productivity is U-shaped in the eastern region,and inverted U-shaped in the central and western regions;and in terms of the mechanism,technological innovation plays a positive intermediary effect in the process of the impact of environmental regulation on green total factor productivity.Therefore,the government should adopt measures such as formulating environmental policies in stages to cross the“Porter inflection point”as early as possible;implementing differentiated regulatory instruments to coordinate regional coordinated development;and strengthening technological innovation to achieve high-quality development of the green economy.