结直肠癌治疗研究进展

Advances in the treatment of colorectal cancer

结直肠癌是全球最常见的恶性肿瘤之一,其在我国的发病率也位居前列。随着诊疗技术的进步,结直肠癌的诊疗策略在不断进步和更新。治疗目标不仅为延长患者生存,还致力于保留器官功能、提高生活质量。对于局部晚期直肠癌患者,新辅助治疗模式逐渐多样化,需选择个体化的治疗策略;对于转移性结直肠癌,免疫检查点抑制剂已成为错配修复缺陷或微卫星高度不稳定患者的一线和后线治疗的重要组成部分,而新靶点和新药的出现进一步提高了治疗疗效和长期生存;另外,微小残留病灶潜在的预测价值和指导治疗作用已得到越来越多的研究证实,备受关注。笔者总结了近年来结直肠癌领域的代表性研究成果、指南更新内容和重要学术会议报道。

Colorectal cancer(CRC)is a prevalent malignant tumor worldwide.With the development of medical technology,the treatment strategies of CRC are constantly improving and updating.The aim of treating CRC is not only to improve outcomes but also to maintain organ function and enhance quality of life.For patients with locally advanced rectal cancer,a variety of neoadjuvant treatment options are available and it is important to choose an individualized strategy.Immune checkpoint inhibitors have become an important part of the first-and posterior-line treatment for patients with deficient mis-match repair or high microsatellite instability colorectal cancer in metastatic colorectal cancer,and the emergence of new targets and drugs has further improved treatment efficacy and long-term survival.Furthermore,an increasing number of studies have confirmed the potential the value of predicting and guiding treatment for minimal residual disease.This article summarizes the representative research results,guideline updates,and important academic conference reports in the field of colorectal cancer.