全球及中国的结直肠癌流行病学特征及防治:2022《全球癌症统计报告》解读

Epidemiological characteristics and prevention of colorectal cancer globally and in China:an interpretation of the Global Cancer Statistics 2022

结直肠癌是世界范围内第3大最常诊断的癌症,也是第2大癌症死亡原因。近年来,随着社会经济的发展和变化,结直肠癌的流行病学特征与地域经济及卫生资源相关的特点,使其发病呈现出了地区差异化的趋势。目前我国结直肠癌的诊疗防控仍然面临巨大挑战;因此,从全球结直肠癌流行病学特征中归纳总结与我国结直肠癌发病相关的危险因素,能进一步指导我国的结直肠癌防控和临床诊疗,对改善我国结直肠癌的沉重负担具有重要意义。笔者基于全球癌症研究署报告及国内外相关研究,就结直肠癌近年来的流行病学特征及不同地区的筛查政策进行总结,旨在为未来新局面下结直肠癌的防控对策制定提供相关依据。

Colorectal cancer is the third most frequently diagnosed cancer and the second leading cause of cancer death worldwide.In recent years,with the development and change of society and economy,the epidemiological characteristics of colorectal cancer related to geographic economy and health resources have caused its incidence to show atrend of regional differentiation. At present, the diagnosis, treatment, prevention and control of colorectal cancer in Chinaare still facing great challenges, therefore, summarizing the risk factors related to the incidence of colorectal cancer inChina from the global epidemiological characteristics of colorectal cancer can further guide the prevention, control andclinical diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer in China, and is of great significance to improve the heavy burden ofcolorectal cancer. Therefore, this paper discusses the epidemiological characteristics of colorectal cancer in recent yearsand the screening policies in different regions based on the report of the International Agency for Research on Cancer andrelated studies, so as to provide the relevant basis for the prevention and control of colorectal cancer in the new situationin the future.