山东省农村老年残疾人健康福利政策满意度及影响因素研究

Researches on the Satisfaction and Influencing Factors of Health and Welfare Guarantee Policy for the Rural Disabled Elderly in Shandong Province

目的:了解山东省农村老年残疾人健康福利保障政策满意度及影响因素。方法:选取314名日照、潍坊市的农村老年残疾人进行问卷调查,对调查结果进行统计分析。结果:农村老年残疾人对健康福利保障政策措施比较满意。其中,对医疗保险优惠满意度最高,对扩大医保报销比例、范围措施、医疗就诊优惠帮扶措施、医疗救助政策、康复设施建设、康复教育、康复服务满意度相对较低。结构方程分析结果显示,医疗保障政策满意度主要受政府补贴的影响,影响系数0.56;医疗保障政策满意度对康复福利政策满意度有正向影响,影响系数为0.47;政府补贴通过影响医疗保障满意度对康复福利满意度造成间接影响,间接影响系数为0.27。结论:应继续落实政府对重度残疾人等缴费困难群体实行的资金补贴政策;康复设施方面,应加快建设居家—社区—公共场所无障碍设施的有序衔接;康复教育方面,进行老年残疾人专项教育;在康复服务方面,完善包括健康、医疗的社区康复矩阵,充分利用残疾辅具。

Objective To understand the satisfaction and influencing factors of health and welfare guarantee policy for the rural disabled elderly in Shandong Province.Methods 314 rural elderly disabled people in Rizhao and Weifangcity were selected for questionnaire survey.And the survey results were statistically analyzed.Results The elderly disabled in rural areas were satisfied with the health and welfare security policies and measures,in which they had the highest satisfaction with medical insurance preferences,followed by satisfaction with expanding the proportion and scope of medical insurance reimbursement measures,preferential assistance measures for medical treatment,medical assistance policies,rehabilitation facilities construction,rehabilitation education,and rehabilitation services(0.56).The results of structural equation analysis showed that the influencing factor of medical security policy satisfaction were government subsidies.The satisfaction degree of medical security policy had a positive influence on the satisfaction degree of rehabilitation welfare policy(0.47),and the government subsidies had a indirect influence on rehabilitation welfare satisfaction by influencing medical security policy satisfaction(0.27).Conclusion It is suggested that the government should continue to implement the fund subsidy policy for the severely disabled and other groups with payment difficulties,accelerate the orderly connection of barrier-free facilities at home,community and public places,carry out special education for the elderly disabled,improve the community rehabilitation matrix including health and medical care,and make full use of disability aids.