唐东都洛阳圣善寺考

Investigation into Sheng-Shan Monastery in Luoyang,East Capital of Tang Dynasty

依隋唐洛阳城里坊最新考古勘探与发掘成果,结合出土墓葬(志)材料与传统文献,本文推定唐代圣善寺作为神龙政变之后营建的政治景观,只存在于洛阳一处。圣善寺是舍宅为寺或改原有寺庙而成,其所在区域的建筑规模与体量,不能满足功能需求,故唐中宗建报慈阁,安置佛像,后又基于隋唐洛阳城原有的里坊规划,以50余步为准扩建僧房。营建后的圣善寺成为洛阳东南部一处信仰中心与公共空间,圣善寺的营建导致章善坊内用地性质的改变,最直接的结果是玄宗开元、天宝时期坊内居住者墓志数量的锐减。

Given the results of the latest archaeological fieldwork about the Li-Fang of Luoyang City in Sui-Tang period and finds after excavations,and based on unearthed objects from tombs,epitaphs and documents preserved to this day,it is inferred that,in Tang dynasty,Sheng-Shan Monastery,a political landscape built after the Shenlong Coup,existed only in Luoyang.With Sheng-Shan Monastery being accomplished by turning houses into the monastery,or rebuilding an original temple,the dimensions of the complex and the accommodation capacity could not meet the functional demands.As a result,Emperor Zhongzong of Tang Dynasty patronized the construction of Bao-Ci Pavilion,within which statues of Buddha were placed.Later,the area for the monks'chambers was extended for another 50-plus bu.Upon completion,Sheng-Shan Monastery became the center for faith and a public space in southeastern Luoyang.As the construction of Sheng-Shan Monastery changed the nature of land use in Zhangshan Fang,the most direct result was a sharp decline in the number of inscriptions on the memorial tablets within tombs of residents who lived here in Kaiyuan and Tianbao eras during Emperor Xuanzong's reign.