国际秩序大变革背景下的中俄海洋合作

On Sino-Russian Maritime Cooperation in the Context of Major Changes of International Order

近年来,国际政治经济发展的不平衡导致国际秩序大变革的趋势越来越明显。在这种大变革的背景下,各种国际争端和矛盾开始凸显。特别是俄乌冲突之后,整个欧洲,甚至是全球战略格局开始发生变化。而全球海权战略格局也随之发生变化,且海洋安全问题突出,亟待进行有效的海洋治理。在此背景下,中国和俄罗斯出于安全与经济等诸多因素的考虑开展了海洋合作。中俄海洋合作是后冷战时代海权观念发展的产物,主要内容包括涉海军事合作、海洋科技合作以及地缘政治合作。中俄海洋合作具有海洋反霸色彩浓厚、与建构新型国际海洋秩序密切相关和有进行有效海洋治理的目的等特点。展望未来,中俄海洋合作将会朝着提高科技含量和增加北极事务合作的方向发展。为保证中俄海洋合作的健康发展和顺利进行,有必要使中俄北极海运公司保持盈利,以上海合作组织为样板设立多边安全论坛并向多边安全机制发展,在对日海洋权益争端问题上加强配合,进一步提高中俄海洋合作中的科技含量。

In recent years,the imbalance of international political and economic development has led to an increasingly obvious trend of major changes in international order.In the context of this great change,various international disputes and contradictions have begun to emerge.Especially after the Russia-Ukraine conflict,the entire Europe and even the global strategic landscape began to change.The strategic pattern of global Seapower has also changed accordingly.Maritime security issues are prominent and effective ocean governance is urgently needed.Against this background,China and Russia have carried out maritime cooperation out of considerations such as security and economy.Sino-Russian maritime cooperation is the product of the development of the concept of Sea-power in the post-Cold War era,and its main contents include maritime-related military cooperation,marine scientific and technological cooperation,and geopolitical cooperation.Sino-Russian maritime cooperation has the characteristics of strong maritime antihegemony,closely related to the construction of a new international maritime order,and the purpose of effective ocean governance.Looking to the future,Sino-Russian maritime cooperation will develop in the direction of improving scientific and technological content and increasing cooperation on Arctic affairs.In order to ensure the healthy development and smooth progress of Sino-Russian maritime cooperation,it is necessary to keep Sino-Russian Arctic shipping companies profitablefurther improve their scientific and technological content,set up a mulilateral security forum based on the Shanghai Cooperation Organization as a model,and develop multilateral security mechanisms,strengthen cooperation on rights disputes over Japan.