所谓“地方性”,所谓“世界性”

Locality and Cosmopolitanism

本文叙述了作者对“地方性知识”概念在伦敦和北京学界流传转化的经历,揭示了该概念如何与西方学界的普遍主义和特殊主义理论争辩相交缠,又如何在中国学界的文化论和权力论中得到运用。作者指出,学术概念的流传转化并非“知识进步史”可以解释,旧概念以新面目出现,与学人之间的相互关系及他们用以处理问题的不同方式相关。在新时代,“地方性知识”概念及其反思仍引发新求索。作者致力于研究不同文化的“世界思想”“地方性”的世界意涵、特殊性与普遍性的辩证法。这些求索与“地方性知识”概念相关,出自对该概念所代表的解释之学及过去数十年中出现的“后解释”之学的反思,有助于克服文化齐平主义和特殊-普遍二元对立主义的偏差。

This article reflects on the circulation and transformation of the concept of“local knowledge”in the academic circles in London and Beijing.It aims to shed light on the ways in which a“keyword”became intertwined with the debate between the universalists and particularists in the West and with the rivalry between Chinese culturologists and pan-power social scientists near the end of the 20th century.Key to the transformations of the concept is the re-emergence of an old idea in new forms in the intellectual world and in the varied approaches to particular problematics.The same transformations have continued to take place,even in the efforts of opposing“local knowledge”,for instance,in the author’s own endeavors to re-pattern the cosmological thoughts of different cultures,to give world status to“local knowledge”,and to break through the barrier between universality and particularity.