数字经济就业效应的再审视:包容性增长与职业多样性的视角

Re-examination of the Employment Effect of the Digital Economy:A Perspective on Inclusive Growth and Occupational Diversity

职业多样性能够较好地捕捉数字时代劳动力在新型职业就业的特征,但既有关于数字经济就业效应的研究对城市职业多样性的关注较少。本文在归纳数字经济就业效应研究不足的基础上,基于2014年、2016年和2018年的中国劳动力动态调查数据和统计年鉴数据检验了数字经济发展对职业多样性的影响。研究发现,城市规模是促进包容性就业的重要社会基础,而数字经济发展和劳动力流入有利于提高就业包容性。此外,在低技能劳动力为主的城市,移民的流入将降低数字经济发展对职业多样性的影响;而在高技能劳动力为主的城市,移民的流入将提高数字经济发展对职业多样性的影响。因此,推进数字经济与就业优先战略协同发展,应该提高城市劳动力市场的职业多样性,在促进机会公平中推进共同富裕。

Occupational diversity can better capture the characteristics of the labor force employed in new types of occupations in the digital era,but the existing literature on the employment effects of the digital economy pays less attention to urban occupational diversity.Based on summarizing the research gaps of the employment effects of the digital economy,this paper examines the impact of the development of the digital economy on occupational diversity based on the data from the China Labor-force Dynamics Survey and the Statistical Yearbook in 2014,2016 and 2018.It is found that city size is an important social basis for promoting inclusive employment,while digital economy development and labor inflow are conducive to improving employment inclusiveness.In addition,in cities dominated by low-skilled labor,the inflow of immigrants will reduce the impact of digital economic development on occupational diversity;while in cities dominated by high-skilled labor,the inflow of immigrants will increase the impact of digital economic development on occupational diversity.Therefore,advancing the digital digital economy and employment priority strategy synergistically,we should improve the occupational diversity of urban labor market,and promote common wealth in the promotion of fair opportunities.