基于“双碳”目标下的中国低碳村庄评价方法及指标体系构建

Construction of Evaluation Methods and Index Systems for Low-Carbon Villages in China Under The"Dual Carbon"Goal

在“双碳”目标愿景下,科学构建中国低碳村庄评价方法及指标体系,对农村发展与规划建设具有重要的先导意义,为评价与量化农村低碳水平提供重要支撑与依据。基于农村能源建设与低碳/零碳能源技术,融合乡村振兴战略、生态文明建设、农村人居环境整治及美丽乡村建设等理念,设定评价对象及范围,构建低碳村庄指标体系。通过层次分析法(AHP)确定评价指标体系中各指标的权重,并进行赋分,并采用克隆巴赫alpha系数方法,对低碳村庄评价体系的合理性进行验证。围绕农村生活低碳用能、生活节能、生活废弃物处理与资源化利用、低碳村庄管理,设置4个准则层的15个指标,突出村庄建设低碳技术应用、能源效率提升的建设水平,充分考虑中国区域差异,结合国家相关政策、标准、规范等,设定指标数据量化及计算评价基准值,多尺度、多维度的完善和建立了低碳村庄评价体系。通过克隆巴赫alpha系数信度检验,中国低碳村庄指标体系一级指标各维度信度分别为0.850、0.828、0.833、0.805,信度检验结果均超过0.80,说明构建的中国低碳村庄评价方法及指标体系是合理可行的。

In the context of"dual carbon"goal,the scientific construction of evaluation methods and index systems for low-carbon villages in China has important pioneering significance for rural development and planning,and can also provide important support and basis for evaluating and quantifying rural low-carbon levels.Based on the rural energy construction and low-carbon/zero-carbon energy technology,further integrate the concepts of rural revitalization strategy,ecological civilization construction,rural living environment improvement and beautiful rural construction,scientifically set the evaluation object and scope,so as to build a low-carbon village index system.The weight of each index in the evaluation index system was determined by the analytic hierarchy method(AHP),the score was assigned,and the rationality of the low-carbon village evaluation system was verified using the Cronbach alpha coefficient method.Focusing on low-carbon energy use,energy saving,domestic waste treatment and resource utilization,and low-carbon village management in rural life,a total of 15 indicators of 4 standard layers are set up,highlighting the construction level of lowcarbon technology application and energy efficiency improvement in village construction,fully considering China's regional differences,combining relevant national policies,standards,norms,etc.,setting index data quantification and calculation evaluation benchmark values,and improving and establishing a low-carbon village evaluation system at multiple scales and dimensions.Through the reliability test of the Cronbach alpha coefficient,the reliability of the first-level indicators of China's low-carbon village index system was 0.850,0.828,0.833 and 0.805,respectively,and the reliability test results exceeded 0.80,indicating that the evaluation method and index system of China's low-carbon villages were reasonable and feasible.