多目标拓扑优化算法在液压制动器传热优化中的应用

Application of Multi-objective Topology Optimization Algorithm in Heat Transfer Optimization of Hydraulic Brake

为有效提升液压制动器的传热性能,基于多目标优化算法对风冷盘的厚度、风槽高度、肋片倾角和肋片数量等设计变量进行拓扑优化,实现制动盘温度峰值和质量的同步降低。采用PDE方程建立风冷盘传热模型,以负热流为边界条件,求解出恒压匀速制动工况下的二维瞬态温度场。基于ANSYS Workbech建立风冷盘的三维参数化传热模型,利用台架试验法验证温度场仿真结果。采用中心组合设计法得出设计变量与优化目标的离散样本,通过多元二次回归模型构建代理模型并进行误差校核。构建优化数学模型,将质量优化目标转换为边界条件,通过序列二次规划算法得出不同质量区间的解集。结合min-max标准化和加权归一方法,得出无量纲的指标测评值,实现优化目标的性价比评价。优化结果表明,风冷盘质量降低8.3%,温度峰值降低3.7%,传热效率明显提升,经济效益和社会效益显著。

In order to effectively improve the heat transfer performance of the hydraulic brake,topological optimization of design variables such as the thickness of the cold disc,the height of the air groove,the angle of the rib surface and the number of the rib plate was carried out based on the multi-objective optimization algorithm,which significantly improved the heat transfer efficiency and realized the synchronous reduction of the peak temperature and mass of the brake disc.The heat transfer model of cold disk was established by PDE equation,and the two-dimensional transient temperature field under constant pressure and constant speed braking condition was solved by taking negative heat flow as boundary condition.Based on ANSYS Workbech,the three-dimensional parameterized heat transfer model of air cold pan was established,and the simulation results of temperature field were verified by bench test method.The discrete samples of design variables and optimization objectives were obtained by central combination design method.The proxy model was constructed by multiple quadratic regression model and the error was checked.The optimization mathematical model was established,the quality optimization objective was transformed into boundary conditions,and the solution sets of different quality intervals were obtained by sequential quadratic programming algorithm.Combining min-max standardization and weighted normalization method,the optimal solution set was converted into dimensionless index evaluation value,and the cost performance evaluation of the optimization goal was realized.The optimization results show that,the mass of the air cold dish can be reduced by 8.3%,the peak temperature can be reduced by 3.7%,and the high temperature holding time can be shortened obviously,which has good economic and social benefits.