女性生殖系统类器官的研究进展

Research progress of female reproductive system organoids

近年来全球不孕不育率逐年攀升,社会正面临人口危机和生育力下降的严峻挑战,其中女性生殖系统疾病对生育力有着不容忽视的影响。类器官具有自我更新、自我组织和长期增殖的能力,可模拟其器官特异性基因表达特征,复现原始器官形态结构及功能,是研究细胞生态位及细胞互作等的重要手段,可精准模拟生殖系统中肿瘤、感染及其他疾病的发生发展过程,是研究女性生殖系统疾病的有力工具,为探索女性生殖系统发育过程及相关疾病发展机制开辟了全新的角度。文章将对卵巢、输卵管、子宫内膜、子宫颈、阴道类器官的构建技术及发展现状进行综述。

In recent years,the global infertility rate has been rising every year,and the society is facing the severe challenge of population crisis and fertility decline,among which the female reproductive system diseases have an impact on fertility that cannot be ignored.Organoids have the ability of self-renewal,self-organization and long-term proliferation,which can simulate the organ-specific gene expression characteristics and reproduce the morphology,structure and function of the original organs.It is an important means to study cell niche and cell interaction,and can accurately simulate the occurrence and development process of tumors,infections and other diseases in the reproductive system,and is a powerful tool for the study of female reproductive system diseases.It opens up a new perspective for exploring the developmental process of female reproductive system and the developmental mechanism of related diseases.This article reviews the construction technology and development status of organoids of ovary,fallopian tube,endometrium,cervix and vagina.