聚乙二醇改性花生壳液化树脂发泡材料的制备、表征及性能研究

Preparation,Characterization and Properties of Peanut Shell Liquefied Resin Foam Material Modified with Polyethylene Glycol

对花生壳液化树脂(PLR)进行聚乙二醇(PEG-400)改性制备PEG-400/PLR树脂,进一步发泡制备PEG-400/PLF泡沫,以改善花生壳液化树脂泡沫(PLF)泡沫的脆性和机械性能;通过旋转流变仪、红外光谱仪、扫描电子显微镜、热重分析仪对改性产物进行了分析表征,并考察了聚乙二醇添加量(0、2%、4%和6%)对泡沫材料压缩强度、粉化率、冲击韧性、表观密度、隔声性能和残炭率的影响。研究结果表明:聚乙二醇的加入不仅可以降低树脂的黏度,有利于发泡过程中的搅拌操作,还可以提高树脂的柔韧性,有助于减少泡沫掉渣、发脆等不良情况的发生;聚乙二醇结构中的羟基与树脂中的羟基发生了部分反应,成功在树脂的分子结构上引入了柔性长链,从而起到了增韧的效果;聚乙二醇改性后泡沫的孔径有所增大且分布更加均匀,泡沫的泡孔类型由改性前绝大多数的闭孔结构转变成部分开孔结构。当PEG-400添加量为4%时,制备的4%PEG-400/PLF泡沫的综合性能最佳,相比未改性PLF泡沫,4%PEG-400/PLF的粉化率降低了61.0%,冲击韧性提高了32.6%,表观密度提高了8.4%,压缩强度提高了11.4%,隔声性能提高了8.6%,残炭率保持在55%以上,表现出优异的耐热性和防火性能。

Peanut shell liquefied resin(PLR)was modified by polyethylene glycol(PEG-400)to prepare PEG-400/PLR resin,further foaming to prepare PEG-400/PLF foam in order to improve the brittleness and mechanical properties of PLF foam.The modified products were analyzed and characterized by rotational rheometer,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,scanning electron microscope,and thermogravimetric analyzer.The effects of different amounts of polyethylene glycol(0,2%,4%,6%)on the compressive strength,pulverization rate,impact toughness,apparent density,sound insulation performance,and residual carbon rate of the foam material were investigated.The results showed that the addition of polyethylene glycol not only facilitated the stirring operation during foaming process,but also improved the flexibility of the resin,helping to reduce the occurrence of adverse conditions such as foam slagging and brittleness.Hydroxyl groups in the polyethylene glycol structure partially reacted with hydroxyl groups in the resin,successfully introducing flexible long chains into the molecular structure of resin,which played a toughening effect.After the polyethylene glycol modification,the pore size of the foam increased,and the distribution became more uniform,with the cell type of the foam changing from majority of closed-cell structures before modification to partially opencell structures.When the PEG-400 addition amount was 4%,the comprehensive performance of the prepared foam 4%PEG-400/PLF was optimal.Compared to the unmodified foam PLF,the pulverization rate of 4%PEG-400/PLF decreased by 61.0%,the impact toughness increased by 32.6%,the apparent density increased by 8.4%,the compressive strength increased by 11.4%,the sound insulation performance increased by 8.6%,and the residual carbon rate remained above 55%,demonstrating of excellent heat resistance and fire resistance.