建筑垃圾空间分布、体量及变化量监测和模拟交叉学科研究进展

RESEARCH PROGRESS ON MONITORING AND SIMULATION OF SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION,VOLUME AND VARIATION OF CONSTRUCTION WASTE

建筑垃圾具有复杂的时空特征,其产生量、变化量难以估算和准确监测,测绘科学和环境科学领域均针对这些问题进行了相关研究。建筑垃圾的多源遥感精准识别、堆放量和变化量的准确监测与模拟,是加强城市生态环境保护和治理,揭示城市建筑系统代谢机理的基础和关键。从多学科交叉视角,梳理国内外建筑垃圾空间分布、体量估算及变化监测与模拟的发展趋势和代表性研究进展,以期进一步支撑环境保护和城市建筑代谢的深入研究。将建筑垃圾监测及其空间分布分为传统方法和机器学习或深度学习辅助的遥感识别方法进行总结。建筑垃圾的体量估算方法包括基于统计数据和基于立体模型的估算方法。最后总结了建筑垃圾变化量动态监测和城市建筑代谢模拟的研究现状。通过系统分析和总结该领域的研究成果,提出目前存在的问题以及未来发展趋势的展望,对提高建筑垃圾等固体废物的监管水平,保护城市生态环境,促进城市建筑代谢的交叉学科研究具有参考价值。

The complex spatial and temporal characteristics of construction waste make it difficult to estimate and accurately monitor the amount of generation and change.Both the fields of mapping science and environmental science have conducted research to address these issues.The foundation and key to strengthening urban ecological protection and revealing the mechanism of urban building metabolism is the accurate recognition of multi-source remote sensing of construction waste,accurate monitoring,and simulation of the number of piles and changes.The development trend and representative research progress of spatial distribution,volume estimation,change monitoring,and simulation of construction waste at home and abroad are reviewed from the perspective of multidisciplinary intersection,to further support environmental protection and urban building metabolism in-depth study.Construction waste monitoring and its spatial distribution are divided into traditional methods and remote sensing recognition methods assisted by machine learning or deep learning.The volume estimation methods of construction waste include estimation methods based on statistical data and stereo models.Finally,the research status of dynamic monitoring and simulation of construction waste variation is summarized.Through systematic analysis and summary of the research results in this field,the existing problems and future development trends are proposed.It is of great value to improve the supervision level of solid waste,such as construction waste,protect the urban ecological environment,and promote the interdisciplinary research of urban construction metabolism.