唐代《柘枝大曲》形态解析——以唐代两篇诗赋为例

Morphological Analysis of Zhezhi Daqu in the Tang Dynasty:A Study Using Two Tang Dynasty Poems as Exemplars

大曲是歌、舞、乐综合的艺术形式。在大量描写柘枝舞的唐代诗词歌赋中,以沈亚之的《柘枝舞赋》和卢肇的《湖南观双柘枝舞赋》这两篇对柘枝大曲的描写最为详尽。虽是文学作品,但诗人以直观的语句、纪实的叙述,为世人呈现出了柘枝舞作为大曲艺术独特的表演风貌。且二赋均为作者亲自观演后所记之实录,而非转述他人文字,在时效性和直观性上都是较为可靠的。因此,以这两篇诗赋为案例和论据,来分析唐代柘枝舞和柘枝大曲的结构形态,是具备一定可行性的。本文从唐代柘枝大曲的结构入手,通过对沈、卢二赋所作之个案解析,以求能初步还原唐代柘枝舞和柘枝大曲的表演形态以及结构特征。

"Daqu,"a comprehensive art form encompassing song,dance,and music,holds a significant place in cultural expression.Among the plethora of Tang Dynasty poems depicting Zhezhi dance,those authored by Shen Yazhi and Lu Zhao offer the most intricate portrayals.These poets adeptly convey the distinctive performance style of Zhezhi dance as a form of Daqu art through vivid descriptions and firsthand observations.Their accounts,rooted in personal experience rather than hearsay,lend a sense of immediacy and authenticity to the narrative.Hence,it is viable to utilize these poems as case studies to analyze the structure of Zhezhi dance and Zhezhi Daqu in the Tang Dynasty.This paper delves into the structural elements of Zhezhi Daqu during the Tang Dynasty,employing a case-by-case analysis of the aforementioned poems.By doing so,it seeks to offer a preliminary reconstruction of the performance of Zhezhi Daqu during that era and elucidate the morphological characteristics of Zhezhi dance in the Tang Dynasty.