大气颗粒物暴露对肠道细菌丰度调节研究进展

Research progress on regulation of gut microbiota abundance induced by ambient particulate matter exposure

大气颗粒物是我国主要的大气污染物,由于其分布广泛、治理困难一直受到广泛关注。大气颗粒物主要通过呼吸道暴露进入机体,引发多种健康问题。近年来研究表明,大气颗粒物暴露与消化系统疾病的发生发展紧密相关,其可以通过呼吸道间接或者通过消化道直接进入人体。肠道菌群是定位于肠道上皮黏膜及肠腔的微生物群,数量庞大,功能丰富,其稳态对个体的肠道健康甚至是机体健康都起着重要的作用。肠道菌群可能介导环境因素诱导的健康效应,因此现有越来越多的研究关注大气颗粒物对肠道菌群的影响。因此,本综述检索并整理了多种大气颗粒物暴露对肠道菌群稳态的影响,以厚壁菌门、拟杆菌门、变形菌门、放线菌门及疣微菌门这五大菌门为主,讨论了它们的主要功能及大气颗粒物对其稳态和丰度的影响。

Particulate matter(PM)is the main air pollutant in China.Due to its wide distribution and difficulties in control,PM has been widely concerned.PM mainly enters human body through respiratory exposure and can cause a variety of health problems.Recent studies have shown that PM exposure is also associated with the occurrence and development of digestive system diseases,as it can enter human body indirectly through the respiratory tract or directly through the digestive tract.Gut microbiota(GM)is a group of microorganisms located in the intestinal epithelium mucosa and intestinal lumen.GM is large in number and rich in functions,and its homeostasis plays an important role in the intestinal health of individuals and even the health of the body.Because GM may mediate the health effects induced by environmental factors,more and more studies have focused on the effects of ambient PM on GM.In this review,we summarized the effects of a variety of ambient PM on GM homeostasis,focusing on five major phyla including Firmicutes,Bacteroidetes,Proteobacteria,Actinobacteria,and Verrucomicrobia,and discussed their main functions and the effects of PM on their homeostasis and abundance.