科技金融赋能农业生产效率提升--来自科技金融试点政策的经验证据

Sci-tech Finance Improves Agricultural Production Efficiency:Empirical Evidence from the Pilot Policies of Sci-tech Finance

中国农业发展既存在科技投入不足的短板,也面临金融支持不充分的约束。在这一背景下,促进科技和金融在农业生产活动中的结合,对于中国农业现代化建设至关重要。本文将“促进科技和金融结合试点”政策视为一项准自然实验,考察科技金融赋能农业生产效率提升的政策效果和作用渠道。研究发现:相对于非试点地区,科技金融试点政策实施显著推动了试点地区农业生产效率的提升,且在政策实施后的较长时期内,这一效应持续存在并不断放大。异质性分析结果发现:科技金融试点政策实施对农业生产效率的提升作用,在科技创新能力较弱、金融深化程度较低和农业生产规模较大的试点地区表现得更强,且受政策实施强度和地理区位的影响,对中心城市农业生产效率提升的“锦上添花”效应小于对非中心城市的“雪中送炭”效应。机制分析结果显示:科技金融试点政策实施通过推进农业机械化进程、提升农民人力资本水平和促进农村现代产业发展等渠道,对“三农”工作产生积极影响,构筑起政策多点生效、持续发力的长效机制,最终促进农业生产效率的提升。

China's agricultural development not only has the weakness of insufficient technological investment,but also faces the constraints of inadequate financial support.In this context,promoting the integration of technology and finance in agricultural production activities is vital for China's agricultural modernization.Taking the"Promoting the Combination of Science and Technology and Finance Pilot'policy as a quasi-natural experiment,this paper investigates the policy effect and mechanism of sci-tech finance to empower agricultural production eficiency.The results show that the implementation of sci-tech finance policy significantly improves agricultural production efficiency in pilot areas compared with non-pilot areas,and the treatment effect persists and amplifies for a long period of time after the implementation of the policy.Heterogeneity analysis shows that the policy has a more pronounced effect in pilot areas characterized by weaker technological innovation capabilities,lower levels of financial deepening,and larger agricultural production scales.Furthermore,influenced by the intensity of policy implementation and geographical location,the pilot policy demonstrates a stronger"sending help in times of need'effect on non-central cities compared with the Icing on the cake"'effect on central cities.Mechanism analysis shows that the implementation of sci-tech finance policy has a positive impact on the"agricuture,rural areas,and farmers"from three aspects:accelerating the process of agricultural mechanization,improving the human capital of farmers,and promoting the development of modern rural industries.It builds a long-term mechanism for the policy to take effect at multiple points and continues to exert force,and ultimately promotes the improvement of agricultural production efficiency..