考虑主观评分差异影响的历史建筑价值评估指标赋权研究

Research on the Weighting of Historical Building Value Assessment Indicators Considering the Influence of Subjective Scoring Differences

历史建筑价值评估的指标赋权是基于各指标间相对重要性来赋予指标权重向量,通常忽视了主观评分差异对权重的影响。而主观评分差异反映了评分数据的可靠性和对高价值指标的重视程度,将其作为指标赋权的影响因素可使评估结果更加客观准确。研究引入信息量权重法与强制分布法,以传统赋权方法得到的指标权重为基础,一方面通过信息量权重法,以专家对同一指标评分数据的一致性为依据进行赋权,弥补指标赋权未考虑专家对同一指标评分差异的缺失;另一方面利用强制分布法基于已有指标间评分高低差异构建的赋权变权模型,对其变权区间进行优化,提高区间界限参数确定的合理性。模拟验证两种方法的可行性和优越性后,以歙县许村大宅祠与吴氏支祠为例,进一步验证上述两种方法的实践意义,使价值评估能够更可靠有效地指导历史建筑保护工作。

The weighting of indicators in the evaluation of historical building value is typically based on the relative importance of each indicator,often overlooking the influence of subjective scoring discrepancies on these weights.However,such differences in subjective scoring reflect the reliability of scoring data and the degree of emphasis placed on high-value indicators.Considering them as factors influencing indicator weighting can lead to more objective and accurate evaluation results.This study introduced the information content weighting method and the mandatory distribution method,building upon traditional weighting methods.On one hand,the information content weighting method assigned weights based on the consistency of expert scores for the same indicator,thus compensating for the oversight of considering discrepancies in expert scores for the same indicator in weighting.On the other hand,the mandatory distribution method optimized the weighting intervals based on the differences in scores between existing indicators,enhancing the rationality of determining interval boundary parameters.After simulating and validating the feasibility and superiority of these two methods,the study further demonstrated their practical significance using the examples of the Xucun Mansion Ancestral Hall in Shexian County and the Wu Family Branch Ancestral Hall,aiming to provide more reliable and effective guidance for the conservation of historical buildings through value assessment.