海南省0~3岁儿童屏幕暴露现况及影响因素研究

Research on screen exposure status and influencing factors among children aged 0-3 in Hainan Province

目的了解海南省0~3岁儿童屏幕暴露现况,分析其影响因素,为儿童屏幕暴露干预提供科学依据。方法采用多阶段抽样方法,对2020年12月至2021年7月于海南省18个市(县)的5843名0~3岁儿童家长进行问卷调查,收集儿童人口学信息、家庭类型、主要带养人及每日平均视屏时间(近一个月)等资料;分别将0~<18月龄儿童视屏时间>0小时/天、18~36月龄儿童视屏时间>1小时/天定义为屏幕暴露,采用多因素Logistic回归分析屏幕暴露的影响因素。结果5843名儿童中男童3259名(55.78%),女童2584名(44.22%)。65.10%的儿童未接触屏幕,24.75%的儿童每日视屏时间在0~<1小时,5.96%的儿童每日视屏时间在1~2小时,4.19%的儿童每日视屏时间超过2小时。0~3岁儿童屏幕暴露报告率为20.11%,其中0~<18月龄儿童屏幕暴露报告率低于18~36月龄,差异有统计学意义(17.17%vs.26.19%,χ^(2)=65.138,P<0.001)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,0~<18月龄中,在农村居住(OR=1.264,95%CI:1.003~1.594)、主要带养人为祖/外祖父母(OR=1.536,95%CI:1.157~2.040)是儿童屏幕暴露的危险因素;18~36月龄中,家庭类型为主干家庭是儿童屏幕暴露的保护因素(OR=0.772,95%CI:0.627~0.950)。结论0~3岁儿童屏幕暴露问题普遍,屏幕暴露程度易受到外界多种因素干扰,制定干预措施需考虑家庭养育环境的影响。

Objective To understand the current status of screen exposure among children aged 0-3 years in Hainan Province,analyze its influencing factors,and provide a scientific basis for interventions on children's screen exposure.Methods Using a multi-stage sampling method,a questionnaire survey was conducted from December 2020 to July 2021 among 5843 parents of children aged 0-3 years in 18 cities(counties)of Hainan Province,collecting demographic information,family type,main caregiver,and daily average screen time(nearly a month)of children.Screen exposure was defined as screen exposure time>0 hours/day for children aged 0-<18 months and>1 hour/day for children aged 18-36 months.Multivariable Logistic regression was used to analyze influencing factors of screen exposure.Results Among 5843 children,3259(55.78%)were boys and 2584(44.22%)were girls.65.10%of children had no screen exposure,24.75%had daily screen time of 0-<1 hour,5.96%had daily screen time of 1-2 hours,and 4.19%had daily screen time exceeding 2 hours.The screen exposure rate for children aged 0-3 years was 20.11%,with a lower rate in children aged 0-<18 months compared to those aged 18-36 months,with statistically significant differences(17.17%vs.26.19%,χ^(2)=65.138,P<0.001).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that living in rural areas(OR=1.264,95%CI:1.003-1.594)and grandparents as the main caregivers(OR=1.536,95%CI:1.157-2.040)were risk factors for screen exposure in children aged 0-<18 months,Among children aged 18-36 months,nuclear family type was a protective factor for children's screen exposure(OR=0.772,95%CI:0.627-0.950).Conclusion Screen exposure is a common problem in children aged 0-3 years,and the degree of screen exposure is easily affected by various external factors.Intervention measures need to consider the impact of the family upbringing environment.