关于学情分析与需求分析的对比研究

A Comparative Study of Learning Analysis and Needs Analysis

“学情分析”和“需求分析”旨在辅助教师科学地规划教学过程、促进教学效果、提高教学质量。二者在教学设计中常被当作近义词使用,分属教育学和应用语言学的学科范畴,在定义、来源、理论基础和实践应用方面既有区别,也有重合。不管是在普通外语教学还是在专门用途外语教学中,教学理论概念的混淆在一定程度上影响了这两个研究工具的研究和发展。在“新文科”建设背景下,本文通过对比研究厘清二者异同,为教育学理论和外语教学理论及教育技术工具未来的融合发展提供参考和借鉴。

Although"learning analysis"and"needs analysis"both aim to assist teachers in developing course plans,improving teaching effectiveness or learning success,as close synonyms,"learning analysis"belongs to the discipline of pedagogy while"needs analysis"to applied linguistics,with differences and overlappings in definition,theory,and practice.The lack of clarification of these two terms poses challenges to their research and application in both general language teaching on the one hand and foreign language teaching for specific purposes on the other.The aim of this paper is to clarify their similarities and differences against the background of the New Liberal Arts construction and to explore the development of these two research instruments in order to provide reference for the potential of integration and development of pedagogical theory,foreign language teaching,and pedagogical technology tools in thefuture.