个性化运动干预对代谢综合征人群减重及代谢指标改善的效果分析

Effect of individualized exercise intervention on weight loss and improvement of metabolic indexes in individuals with metabolic syndrome

目的分析个性化运动干预对代谢综合征(MS)人群的减重效果。方法本研究为随机对照试验,选取2019—2022年在北京航天总医院健康管理中心进行健康体检的1200例MS患者为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为试验组和对照组(各600例),结合患者体适能数据对试验组实施为期3个月的个性化运动干预,有氧运动3~4次/周结合抗阻运动≥2次/周,并给予MS相关健康体检;对照组仅给予健康体检。采用配对t检验比较两组干预前后体重及代谢相关指标变化,采用两样本t检验比较干预效果的组间差异,分析个性化运动干预对MS人群减重及代谢指标改善的效果。结果试验组干预后体重、体重指数、腰臀比、静息心率、收缩压、舒张压、空腹血糖、低密度脂蛋白、总胆固醇酯、甘油三酯水平均显著低于干预前[(72.5±12.9)比(74.2±13.6)kg、(27.3±3.5)比(27.9±3.5)kg/m^(2)、(0.87±0.08)比(0.91±0.08)、(71±7)比(74±9)次/min、(131±11)比(138±14)mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa)、(80±8)比(85±9)mmHg、(6.0±1.1)比(6.9±1.6)mmol/L、(2.78±0.78)比(3.12±0.77)mmol/L、(4.62±1.04)比(5.22±0.97)mmol/L、(1.36±0.42)比(2.59±2.01)mmol/L],高密度脂蛋白水平显著高于干预前[(1.31±0.31)比(1.27±0.29)mmol/L](均P<0.05)。对照组干预后体重、体重指数、腰臀比、收缩压、低密度脂蛋白、总胆固醇酯、甘油三酯水平均显著高于干预前[(68.1±5.9)比(67.1±5.9)kg、(25.3±2.4)比(24.9±2.4)kg/m^(2)、(0.83±0.07)比(0.82±0.06)、(127±12)比(125±12)mmHg、(3.50±1.45)比(3.20±1.21)mmol/L、(5.50±1.80)比(5.30±1.52)mmol/L、(1.59±0.82)比(1.40±0.65)mmol/L],高密度脂蛋白水平显著低于干预前[(1.28±0.28)比(1.38±0.28)mmol/L](均P<0.05)。试验组体重、体重指数、腰臀比、静息心率、收缩压、舒张压、空腹血糖、高密度脂蛋白、低密度脂蛋白、总胆固醇酯、甘油三酯等指标的干预效果均显著优于对照组[(-1.4±13.3)比(1.0±5.9)kg、(-0.6±3.5)比(0.4±2.4)kg/m^(2)、(-0.04±0.08)比(0.01±0.06)、(-3±8)比(0±7)次/min、(-7±12)比(2±12)mmHg、(-5±9)比(0±8)mmHg、(-0.9±1.4)比(0±0.5)mmol/L、(0.04±0.30)比(-0.10±0.28)mmol/L、(-0.34±0.77)比(0.30±1.34)mmol/L、(-0.60±1.00)比(0.20±1.66)mmol/L、(-1.23±1.45)比(0.19±0.74)mmol/L](均P<0.001)。结论对MS人群实施个性化运动干预能够促进MS患者减重并改善其代谢相关指标。

Objective To analyze the effect of individualized exercise intervention on weight loss and improvement of metabolic indexes in individuals with metabolic syndrome(MS).Methods This study was a randomized controlled trial.A total of 1200 MS patients who underwent health examinations in the Beijing Aerospace General Hospital Healthy Management Center from 2019 to 2022 were selected as the research subjects.The patients were randomly divided into the experimental group(600 cases)and the control group(600 cases)by random number table.Based on the patient's physical fitness data,a 3-month personalized exercise intervention was implemented for the experimental group,which included aerobic exercise 3 to 4 times/week combined with resistance exercise≥2 times/week,and MS-related health examinations were given too.The control group only received physical examination.Paired t-test was used to compare the changes in weight and metabolic-related indicators before and after the intervention in the two groups.Two-sample t-test was used to compare the differences in intervention effects between groups.The effect of personalized exercise intervention on weight loss and improvement of metabolic indicators in the MS population was analyzed.Results After the intervention,the weight,body mass index,waist-to-hip ratio,resting heart rate,systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,fasting glucose,low-density lipoprotein,total cholesterol esters,and triglyceride levels in the experimental group were all significantly lower than those before[(72.5±12.9)vs(74.2±13.6)kg,(27.3±3.5)vs(27.9±3.5)kg/m^(2),0.87±0.08 vs 0.91±0.08,(71±7)vs(74±9)times/min,(131±11)vs(138±14)mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa),(80±8)vs(85±9)mmHg,(6.0±1.1)vs(6.9±1.6)mmol/L,(2.78±0.78)vs(3.12±0.77)mmol/L,(4.62±1.04)vs(5.22±0.97)mmol/L,(1.36±0.42)vs(2.59±2.01)mmol/L],but the high-density lipoprotein level was significantly higher than that before[(1.31±0.31)vs(1.27±0.29)mmol/L](all P<0.05).The weight,body mass index,waist-to-hip ratio,systolic blood pressure,low-density lipoprotein,total cholesterol esters,and triglyceride levels after the intervention in the control group were all significantly higher than those before[(68.1±5.9)vs(67.1±5.9)kg,(25.3±2.4)vs(24.9±2.4)kg/m^(2),0.83±0.07 vs 0.82±0.06,(127±12)vs(125±12)mmHg,(3.50±1.45)vs(3.20±1.21)mmol/L,(5.50±1.80)vs(5.30±1.52)mmol/L,(1.59±0.82)vs(1.40±0.65)mmol/L],but the high-density lipoprotein level was significantly lower than that before the intervention[(1.28±0.28)vs(1.38±0.28)mmol/L](all P<0.05).The intervention effects on weight,body mass index,waist-to-hip ratio,heart rate,systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,glucose,high-density lipoprotein,low-density lipoprotein,total cholesterol and triglycerides levels in the experimental group were all significantly better than those in the control group[(-1.4±13.3)vs(1.0±5.9)kg,(-0.6±3.5)vs(0.4±2.4)kg/m^(2),-0.04±0.08 vs 0.01±0.06,(-3±8)vs(0±7)times/min,(-7±12)vs(2±12)mmHg,(-5±9)vs(0±8)mmHg,(-0.9±1.4)vs(0±0.5)mmol/L,(0.04±0.30)vs(-0.10±0.28)mmol/L,(-0.34±0.77)vs(0.30±1.34)mmol/L,(-0.60±1.00)vs(0.20±1.66)mmol/L,(-1.23±1.45)vs(0.19±0.74)mmol/L](all P<0.001).Conclusion Individualized exercise intervention can effectively promote weight loss and improve metabolic-related indicators in MS patients.