电子档案的深度利用问题探析——兼论档案权利的适度保障

Research on the Deep Utilization of Electronic Archives : Moderate Protection of Archival Rights

“电子档案法律效力”被法律认可、采纳和规范,意味着合理、合规、合法的电子档案深度利用问题亟须在档案治理法治化背景下予以重视。电子档案的利用涉及多项集合权益,且与信息相关者具有不可分割性,因此对其进行治理时应由“重所有”向“重利用”转型,并尽量避免出现相应利用权利保障过度或保障不足的极端情况。增量电子化既是一种静态的制度安排,也是一种动态的变化趋势,要求评价电子档案的利用时兼顾“更加公平”“更有效率”“更可持续”三个维度。纸质档案的利用关注资源本身与档案用户的有效衔接,即有效利用问题,电子档案的利用还须聚焦其能否挖掘出数据中更多、更深的资源,是否达到一定量级,是否经过数据处理,以及是否经过市场转化,即深度利用的问题。

The“legal effect of electronic archives”has been recognized and regulated,which means the reasonable,compliant and legal deep utilization of electronic archives needs urgent attention and focus in the context of the legalization of archives governance.The utilization of electronic archives relates to collective rights and interests,and is inseparable from the information stakeholders,which makes its governance transform from emphasizing all to utilization,and tries to avoid the extreme situation of over-protecting or under-protecting the corresponding utilization rights.Incremental electronization is a static institutional arrangement,but also a dynamic trend of change,requiring considering“more equitable”,“more efficient”and“more sustainable”dimensions in the evaluation of electronic archives use.The utilization of paper archives focuses on the effective connection between the resources themselves and the users-connected with effective utilization.The utilization of electronic archives further focuses on whether the data of electronic archives can provide more and deeper resources with deep utilization,that is,whether the data has reached certain volume,whether it has been processed and whether it has been transformed by the market.