蒙古族“普斯·贺”称谓考证及造型探究

Verification and Style Exploration of Mongolian"Pus·He"Appellation

目的“普斯·贺”是蒙古族人民使用最为频繁的一种纹样,然而对“普斯·贺”的研究却是凤毛麟角,且人们对其认知较为模糊,梳理“普斯·贺”这一称谓的历史时间线,印证其来源,明晰其造型,解析其文化内涵,为传承并创新蒙古族传统纹样提供设计参考。方法建立在个案研究、田野调查法与文献分析法的基础上,通过对附着于蒙古族衣、食、住、行上的“普斯·贺”进行系统考证。选取典型样本进行分类、编码,从图案学和类型学角度出发,提取纹样的造型轮廓、构成方式并进行归纳分析。结论“普斯·贺”这一称谓自清代就已开始使用,一直延续至今,其造型来源于汉字“寿”,通过纺织品等载体传入蒙古族,因其自身具有的结构、内涵与蒙古族的审美意蕴高度契合,承载着人们对家庭圆满和生命永生的精神诉求,成为蒙古族物质载体中不可或缺的重要装饰纹样之一。通过本研究,以期更好地传承蒙古族传统纹样,为非物质文化的研究提供一定的理论参考与补充。

"Pus·He"is one of the most frequently used patterns by the Mongolian people.However,there are few studies on"Pus·He",and people's perception of it is vague.The work aims to clarify the historical timeline of"Pus·He",prove its origin,clarify its shape and analyze its cultural connotation,so as to provide design references for the inheritance and innovation of traditional Mongolian patterns.Based on the case study,field survey method and literature analysis method,a systematic verification of the"Pus·He"attached to Mongolian food,clothing,housing and mobility was carried out.Typical samples were selected for classification and coding,and the style profile and composition mode of the pattern were extracted and analyzed from the perspective of pattern science and typology.It is believed that the"Pus·He"appellation has been used till now since the Qing Dynasty.The style of this appellation is derived from the Chinese character"Shou",which was introduced to the Mongolian people through textiles and other carriers.Because its inherent structure and connotation are highly compatible with the aesthetic connotation of the Mongolian people,and carrying of people's spiritual aspirations for family fulfillment and life immortality,"Pus·He"has become one of the indispensable and important decorative patterns in the material carriers of the Mongolian people.This study aims to better inherit traditional Mongolian patterns and provide some theoretical references and supplements for research on intangible culture.