不同品种玫瑰花及花蕾气味的电子鼻分析

Electronic nose analysis on scent of different varieties of rose flowers and buds

以玫瑰花及花蕾为试验材料,采用电子鼻技术,通过聚类分析、主成分分析(Principal Component Analysis,PCA)、正交偏最小二乘法判别分析(Orthogonal Partial Least-squares Discriminant Analysis,OPLS-DA)等多元统计学方法,研究了不同品种玫瑰花及花蕾的气味特征。结果表明,14个品种玫瑰花被分为三类,组间差异标志物为W1W、W5S、W2S,即无机硫化物、氮氧化合物、醇醚醛酮类,3种差异标志物的强度大小为1组>2组>3组,均具有显著差异;8个品种玫瑰的花蕾被分为三类,组间差异标志物为W5S、W1W,即氮氧化合物、无机硫化物,两种差异标志物的强度大小为1组>2组>3组,均具有显著差异;玫瑰花与花蕾的挥发性成分含量存在差异,大部分玫瑰的花蕾挥发性成分含量高于玫瑰花,少部分玫瑰花蕾挥发性成分含量低于玫瑰花或成分含量差异不大,且主要差异标志物为W1W、W5S、W2S、W2W,即无机硫化物、氮氧化合物、醇醚醛酮类和有机硫化物。通过电子鼻技术可快速有效区分不同品种玫瑰花和花蕾的挥发性成分差异,可为玫瑰香气研究和质量评价提供参考。

With rose flowers and buds as test materials,the electronic nose technology was used to investigate the scent characteristics of different varieties of rose flowers and buds through multivariate statistical methods such as cluster analysis,Principal Component Analysis(PCA)and Orthogonal Partial Least-squares Discriminant Analysis(OPLS-DA).The results showed that,14 varieties of ros-es were divided into three categories,and the difference markers among the groups were W1W,W5S,and W2S,namely inorganic sul-fides,nitrogen oxides,alcohol ether aldehydes and ketones.The intensity of the three difference markers was group 1>group 2>group 3,all of which had significant differences.The flower buds of 8 rose varieties were divided into three categories,and the differ-ence markers among the groups were W5S and W1W,that was,nitrogen oxides and inorganic sulfides.The intensity of the two differ-ence markers was group 1>group 2>group 3,all of which had significant differences.There were differences in the content of vola-tile components between rose flowers and buds.Most rose buds had higher content of volatile components than rose flowers,while a few rose buds had lower content of volatile components than rose flowers or had little difference in component contents.The main differ-ence markers were W1W,W5S,W2S and W2W,that was,inorganic sulfides,nitrogen oxides,alcohol-ether aldehydes ketones,and organic sulfides.Electronic nose technology could quickly and effectively distinguish the difference of volatile components of differ-ent varieties of rose flowers and buds,and which could provide reference for rose aroma research and rose quality evaluation.