交流调磁型永磁同步电机磁通协同调控最大转矩铜耗比控制

A Maximum Torque Per Copper Loss Control for AC Flux-Regulation Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor with Magnetic Flux Co-Regulation

电动汽车驱动系统不仅需要拥有宽广的调速范围和恒功率运行区域,还应具备高效率、低损耗的优点,以实现续航的最大化。针对这些技术特点,该文研究了一种调磁性能优越的交流调磁型永磁同步电机(ACFR-PMSM),分别建立其等效磁路模型和稳态数学模型。并以该电机特殊的径向-轴向结构为基础,研究了其电感特性和转矩输出特性,从理论的角度论证了实现最大转矩铜耗比(MTPCL)控制的可行性。另外,分别采用拉格朗日乘子法和电流选择穷举法,获得了MTPCL控制的径-轴向定子绕组最佳电流选择方案。最后,实现了所提出控制策略的计算机仿真和样机测试,验证了其良好的动态控制性能,详细对比了经典id=0控制和所提出MTPCL控制的实施效果并计算了运行铜耗。

In recent years,due to the depletion of fossil resources and the continuous intensification of air pollution,vigorously developing electric vehicles has become the consensus worldwide.However,the single excitation source motor(electric excitation motor or permanent magnet excitation motor)used in electric vehicles fails to meet multiple technical requirements simultaneously.This paper investigates an AC flux-regulation permanent magnet synchronous motor(ACFR-PMSM)and innovatively proposes a maximum torque per copper loss(MTPCL)control to improve electric vehicle drive motors'efficiency and flux regulation ability.The investigated object is a novel ACFR-PMSM with a radial stator and windings similar to traditional radial-flux permanent magnet motors.The axial side of the rotor is equipped with an additional axial stator and windings.The radial and axial windings are independent and can be controlled separately by two independent inverters.The radial and axial magnetic circuits are coupled in the rotor.The operation principle and mode of ACFR-PMSM are first analyzed,and the equivalent magnetic circuit model and the steady state mathematical model in the radial and axial d-q coordinate system are established.A detailed comparison of characteristics is conducted between ACFR-PMSM and traditional permanent magnet motors applied in electric vehicle drive systems.Secondly,by analyzing the inductance and output torque characteristics of ACFR-PMSM,the proposed MTPCL control principle based on radial-axial magnetic flux co-regulation is explained theoretically.Furthermore,the Lagrange multiplier and current selection exhaustive methods are used to obtain the optimal current selection scheme for MTPCL control,demonstrating good agreement between the two methods.Considering the constraints of electrical load limitation and inverter capacity,the partitioned Lagrange multiplier method obtains the optimal trajectory of the radial/axial d-q axis current of ACFR-PMSM.In addition,simulations of the classical i_(d)=0 vector control and the proposed MTPCL control are conducted,verifying the feasibility of the proposed MTPCL strategy.Finally,a 200 W ACFR-PMSM prototype with 6 poles and 36 slots is manufactured,and the radial/axial inverter and testing platform are specifically designed.The primary electromagnetic performance of ACFR-PPMSM and the proposed MTPCL control is tested.The following conclusions can be drawn:(1)ACFR-PMSM has independent radial/axial AC windings and a radial-axial coupling magnetic circuit,thus possessing multiple operating modes and high control degrees of freedom.(2)MTPCL control based on radial-axial magnetic flux co-regulation is feasible and more efficient for ACFR-PMSM.(3)For the MTPCL control of ACFR-PMSM,a regional Lagrange multiplier method is proposed to obtain the best current control trajectory rapidly.(4)Through prototype testing,it is shown that the proposed MTPCL control has good dynamic performance and low copper consumption,which reduces copper consumption by 12.9%compared with the traditional i_(d)=0 control.