施钾对马铃薯苗期抗旱性的影响

Effects of potassium application on the drought resistance of Solanum tuberosum L.during the seedling stage

为研究不同施钾水平对马铃薯苗期抗旱性的影响,本研究以马铃薯品种大西洋为材料,对苗期不同干旱胁迫的大西洋增施不同量钾肥,测定其生长指标和生理指标,并探究在不同条件下植株的抗旱性差异。结果表明:干旱胁迫会显著抑制马铃薯株高、茎粗的生长,同时显著降低叶片叶绿素含量、叶片类胡萝卜素含量、光合生理指标及根系活力,会促使马铃薯叶片中丙二醛含量、脯氨酸含量、抗氧化物酶活性增加,进而影响马铃薯块茎的产量及品质。增施一定量的钾肥可有效缓解干旱对上述指标的影响,均在K2(180 kg/hm^(2))水平下效果最佳。在K2施钾水平下,T0、T1和T23种干旱胁迫条件下的马铃薯块茎重量较未施钾肥的分别增加了23.3%、27.8%和36.2%,块茎淀粉含量分别增加了25.2%、25.47%和33.67%,维生素C含量分别增加了34.83%、36.91%和43.05%。综上,施钾量为180 kg/hm 2对马铃薯幼苗抗旱性和生长发育的促进效果最佳。

Solanum tuberosum L.The variety Daxiyang is taken as materials to explore the effects of different potassium application levels on the drought resistance of Solanum tuberosum L.during the seedling stage.Different amounts of potassium fertilizer are added to Daxiyang under different drought stress conditions.Their growth and physiological indexes are measured to investigate the differences in drought resistance of plants under different conditions.The results show that drought stress can significantly inhibit the growth of plant height and stem diameter of Solanum tuberosum L.,while significantly reducing leaf chlorophyll content,leaf carotenoid content,photosynthetic physiological indexes and root vitality.Besides,it will promote an increase in the content of malondialdehyde,proline and antioxidant enzyme activity in leaves,thereby affecting the yield and quality of Solanum tuberosum L.Applying a certain amount of potassium fertilizer can effectively alleviate the impact of drought on the above indexes,and the best effect is achieved at the K2(180 kg/hm^(2))level.Under K2 potassium application level,the weights of tubers under T0,T1 and T2 drought stress conditions increase by 23.3%,27.8%and 36.2%respectively compared to those without potassium application.In summary,a potassium application amount of 180 kg/hm 2 has the best promoting effect on drought resistance and growth and development of Solanum tuberosum L.seedlings.