二氢杨梅素对雏鸡免疫功能的影响

Effects of Dihydromyricetin on Immune Function of Chicks

【目的】探究二氢杨梅素(DHM)对雏鸡免疫器官指数、免疫器官组织学形态及血清中免疫因子含量的影响。【方法】选取150只7日龄海兰白蛋雏鸡,雌雄各半,随机分为5组,每组30只,对照组给予基础饲粮,给药组分别在基础饲粮中添加0.025%、0.05%、0.1%、0.2%DHM。试验于给药7、14、21、28及35 d时,每组随机选取6只雏鸡心脏采血,收集免疫器官(胸腺、脾脏、法氏囊)分别称重,计算不同给药组雏鸡免疫器官指数,检测血清免疫球蛋白G(IgG)、补体(C3、C4)含量,并对给药35 d时雏鸡免疫器官进行HE染色观察组织形态。【结果】与对照组相比,0.2%DHM组在给药35 d时雏鸡胸腺指数显著升高(P<0.05),0.2%DHM组在给药28和35 d时雏鸡脾脏指数均显著升高(P<0.05),0.1%、0.2%DHM组雏鸡法氏囊指数在给药7 d时显著增高(P<0.05)。饲粮中添加DHM后雏鸡免疫器官细胞排列整齐、淋巴细胞数量增多、结构更加致密。与对照组相比,0.05%、0.1%、0.2%DHM组在给药28和35 d时雏鸡血清IgG含量均显著增加(P<0.05);各剂量组之间相比,0.2%DHM组雏鸡血清IgG含量在给药21和28 d时显著高于其他组,在35 d时显著高于0.025%和0.05%DHM组(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,0.1%、0.2%DHM组雏鸡血清中补体C3含量在不同给药时间均显著升高(P<0.05);各剂量组之间相比,0.2%DHM组雏鸡血清补体C3含量在给药14和28 d时显著高于其他组,在21和35 d时显著高于0.025%和0.05%DHM组(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,0.05%、0.1%和1.2%DHM组在14、28和35 d时雏鸡血清补体C4含量显著升高(P<0.05);各剂量组之间相比,0.2%DHM组雏鸡血清补体C4含量在给药14、21和28 d时显著高于其他组,在35 d时显著高于0.025%DHM组(P<0.05)。【结论】饲粮中添加0.2%DHM能促进雏鸡免疫器官生长发育,并且能提高雏鸡免疫因子的表达,增强雏鸡免疫功能。

【Objective】The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of dihydromyricetin(DHM)on immune organ index,histological morphology of immune organ and serum immune factor content in chicks.【Method】150 Hy-line White chicks of 7-day-old were selected and randomly divided into five groups with 30 per group.The control group was given the basal diet,and the administration groups were given the basal diet supplemented with 0.025%,0.05%,0.1%and 0.2%DHM,respectively.At 7,14,21,28 and 35 d after administration,six chicks were randomly selected from each group for heart blood collection and the immune organs(thymus,spleen and bursa of Fabricius)were collected and weighed separately.The immune organ index of chicks in different treatment groups were calculated.The serum immunoglobulin IgG and complement(C3 and C4)content were measured,and HE staining was performed on the immune organs of chicks at 35 d of administration to observe tissue morphology.【Result】Compared with the control group,the thymus index of chicks in 0.2%DHM group was significantly increased at 35 d after administration(P<0.05).The spleen index of chicks in 0.2%DHM group was significantly increased at 28 and 35 d after administration(P<0.05).The bursa of Fabricius index of chicks in 0.1%and 0.2%DHM groups were significantly increased at 7 d after administration(P<0.05).After adding DHM to the feed,the immune organ cells of chicks were arranged neatly,the number of lymphocytes increased,and the structure became denser.Compared with the control group,the serum IgG content of chicks in 0.05%,0.1%and 0.2%DHM groups were significantly increased at 28 and 35 d after administration(P<0.05).Compared to each dose group,the serum IgG content of chicks in 0.2%DHM group was significantly higher than that in other groups at 21 and 28 d,and was significantly higher than that in 0.025%and 0.05%DHM groups at 35 d(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the content of serum complement C3 of chicks in 0.1%and 0.2%DHM groups were significantly increased at different administration times(P<0.05).Compared to each dose group,the serum complement C3 content of chicks in 0.2%DHM group was significantly higher than that in other groups at 14 and 28 d,and significantly higher than that in 0.025%and 0.05%DHM groups at 21 and 35 d(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the serum complement C4 content of chicks was significantly increased in 0.05%,0.1%and 1.2%DHM groups at 14,28 and 35 d(P<0.05).Compared to each dose group,the serum complement C4 content of chicks in 0.2%DHM group was significantly higher than that in other groups at 14,21 and 28 d,and significantly higher than that in 0.025%DHM group at 35 d(P<0.05).【Conclusion】Adding 0.2%DHM to the diet could promote the growth and development of immune organs,increase the expression of immune factors of chicks,and enhance immune function of chicks.