湿疹患儿照料者对外用皮质类固醇激素治疗的认知状况调查

Awareness of topical corticosteroids among caregivers caring for children with eczema

目的了解湿疹患儿照料者对外用皮质类固醇激素(TCS)治疗的认知情况及其影响因素,为有针对性开展用药宣教工作,提高患儿用药依从性,改善治疗效果提供参考。方法采用调查问卷对2020年12月—2021年3月首都儿科研究所附属儿童医院皮肤科就诊的171例湿疹患儿照料者进行问卷调查,包括照料者对TCS及其副作用的认知情况、相关知识的获取途径、患儿TCS治疗的依从性,分析照料者对TCS治疗湿疹相关认知的影响因素。结果仅22.22%(38/171)的照料者对TCS“非常了解”,而有16.37%(28/171)“完全不了解”。仅9.36%(16/171)的照料者对TCS副作用“完全了解”。照料者主要从“网络”(46.20%)、“病友或周围人”(38.60%)和“医生”(22.81%)获取TCS治疗湿疹相关知识。TCS使用时,61.99%(106/171)的照料者“完全按医嘱”,35.08%(60/171)“不完全按医嘱”,2.92%(5/171)表示“完全不使用TCS”。在对TCS及其副作用的认知方面,不同年龄、学历和职业状态的照料者之间均存在统计学差异(均P<0.05)。在对TCS治疗湿疹相关资讯获取途径以及对TCS治疗的依从性方面,不同年龄、不同学历的照料者之间存在统计学差异(均P<0.05),而不同职业状态照料者之间无统计学差异(P值分别为0.062、0.074)。结论儿童湿疹照料者对TCS治疗湿疹的认知程度较低,依从性不高。照料者对TCS的认知和用药依从性受年龄和教育程度的影响。临床医生有必要关注不同群体在疾病和用药相关信息获取上的差异,加强宣讲和科普,促进合理用药,改善湿疹儿童皮肤健康管理。

Objective To investigate the awareness and influencing factors of topical corticosteroid(TCS)therapy among caregivers caring for children with eczema,in order to facilitate targeted medication education and improve medication compliance of children and treatment efficacy.Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among caregivers of children with eczema who were admitted to the dermatology department of the Children′s Hospital Affiliated to the Capital Institute of Pediatrics from December 2020 to March 2021.The questionnaire included caregivers′awareness of TCS and its side effects,children in compliance with TCS treatment,and methods to access related knowledge.The influencing factors of caregivers′awareness of TCS treatment for eczema were analyzed.Results Only 22.22%(38/171)of caregivers were aware of TCS well,while 16.37%(28/171)of caregivers were not aware of TCS at all.Moreover,9.36%(16/171)of caregivers were fully aware of the side effects of TCS.Caregivers acquired knowledge about TCS treatment mainly from"network"(46.20%),patients or people around them(38.60%)and doctors(22.81%).About 62%(106/171)of the caregivers who took care of the children completely followed doctors′orders,while 35.08%(60/171)partially followed doctors′orders.Small proportion of caregivers(5/171,2.92%)did not use TCS at all.Awareness of TCS and TCS side effects among caregivers differed with caregivers′age,education level and occupational status(all P<0.05).Likewise,the methods of caregivers to obtain information about TCS treatment and in compliance of doctor′s instructions varied with caregivers′age and education level(both P<0.05),but not with their occupational status(both P>0.05).Conclusions Caregivers of children with eczema have little awareness of TCS for the treatment of eczema,and caregivers′awareness of TCS and medication compliance are influenced by age and education level.Clinicians should pay attention to the differences in obtaining information about disease and medication among different population,strengthen publicity and popular science,promote rational drug use,and improve skin health management of children with eczema.