宫颈癌放射治疗相关卵巢损伤的分子机制及防治策略研究进展

Research progress in the molecular mechanisms and prevention strategies of ovarian injury related to cervical cancer radiotherapy

放射治疗(简称放疗)作为肿瘤治疗的重要手段,在宫颈癌治疗中占据重要地位。但卵巢对射线高度敏感,易发生放疗相关损伤,导致年轻女性患者卵巢功能紊乱和生育功能丧失,严重影响患者身心健康。卵巢损伤程度与卵巢接受照射剂量、体积、时间以及患者年龄等多种因素有关,卵巢移位和放疗技术改进均可显著减轻放疗相关卵巢损伤。目前,药物防护技术尚不成熟,新型生育力保存方法正备受关注但有待改进。本文对宫颈癌放疗相关卵巢损伤的分子机制、防治策略及年轻宫颈癌患者生育力保存新技术的研究进展进行综述,以期为年轻宫颈癌患者放疗过程中的卵巢功能保护提供参考依据。

Radiotherapy,as an important means of tumor treatment,plays a significant role in the treatment of cervical cancer.However,the ovaries are highly sensitive to radiation,which is prone to appear radiation-related injuries,leading to ovarian dysfunction and loss of fertility in young female patients,seriously affecting their physical and mental health.The degree of ovarian injury is influenced by various factors such as the dose,volume,and duration of radiation exposure to the ovaries,as well as the patient's age.Ovarian displacement and advancements in radiotherapy techniques can significantly relieve radiation-related ovarian injury.Currently,drug protection techniques are still immature,and new fertility preservation methods are receiving increasing attention but require further improvement.This article reviewed the research progress in the molecular mechanisms,prevention strategies,and new fertility preservation techniques for ovarian injury related to cervical cancer radiotherapy,aiming to provide a reference for ovarian function protection during radiotherapy for young cervical cancer patients.