框类薄壁件装夹布局与加工参数研究

Research on the clamping layout and machining parameters of thin-walled frame parts

针对航空隔框类薄壁件在铣削加工中极易产生变形等问题,通过有限元软件ABAQUS研究了铣削过程中装夹布局和铣削参数对薄壁件加工变形量的影响。首先根据装夹有限元模型,分析装夹位置和夹紧顺序对薄壁件变形量的影响,并在装夹仿真的基础上建立了铣削加工模型,设计正交试验得到不同铣削加工参数下薄壁件的变形量;其次以仿真数据为样本,使用BP神经网络和遗传算法对装夹布局和铣削参数进行优化;最后对优化结果进行实验验证,结果显示仿真与实验数据比较符合,最小偏差为4.38%,最大偏差为9.35%。研究结果表明:通过有限元仿真试验辅助选取薄壁件的铣削加工参数,能充分地提高航空薄壁件的加工质量。

In response to the problem of deformation easily occurring in the milling process of thin-walled aviation frame components,the influence of fixture layout and milling parameters on the machining deformation of thin-walled components during the milling process was studied using the finite element software ABAQUS.Firstly,based on the finite element model of clamping,the influence of clamping position and clamping sequence on the deformation of thin-walled parts is analyzed.On the basis of clamping simulation,a milling machining model is established,and orthogonal experiments are designed to obtain the deformation of workpiece under various milling processing parameters.Secondly,using simulation data as samples,BP neural network and genetic algorithm are used to optimize the clamping layout and milling parameters.Finally,experimental verification was conducted on the optimization results,which showed that the simulation and experimental data were in good agreement,with a minimum deviation of 4.38%and a maximum deviation of 9.35%.The research results indicate that using finite element simulation experiments to assist in selecting milling parameters for thin-walled parts can fully improve the machining quality of aviation thin-walled parts.