尿路造口病人生活质量现状及影响因素分析

Investigation on the status of quality of life in patients with urostomy and its influence factors analysis

目的:了解尿路造口病人的生活质量现状,并分析其影响因素,为制定个性化病人健康教育方案提供依据。方法:选取2018年1月至2023年4月安徽省某三甲医院收治的196例行全膀胱切除+尿路造口病人为研究对象,采用膀胱肿瘤病人生活质量量表进行横断面调查,并进行影响因素的单因素分析和多元线性回归分析。结果:尿路造口病人生活质量总分(59.85±5.16)分,其中生理状况得分(15.07±2.53)分,社会/家庭状况得分(9.02±2.97)分,情感状况得分(6.48±2.24)分,功能状况得分(9.64±2.46)分,特异性模块得分(19.65±2.14)分。单因素分析显示,不同年龄、文化程度、月收入、照顾者及造口类型病人的生活质量得分差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。多元线性回归分析显示,年龄、文化程度及造口类型均为安徽地区尿路造口病人生活质量的独立影响因素(P<0.01)。结论:尿路造口病人总体生活质量水平不高,在临床工作中需根据病人具体情况进行内容灵活、形式多变的健康宣教。

Objective:To understand the quality of life in patients with urostomy,analyze its influencing factors,and provide the basis for the development of the personalized patient health education scheme.Methods:A total of 196 patients treated with total cystectomy and ureterostomy from January 2018 to April 2023 at a tertiary grade A hospital in Anhui province were selected as the study subjects.The quality of life scale was used to conduct cross-sectional investigation in patients with bladder cancer,and the single factor analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were used to analyze its influencing factors.Results:The total quality of life score of patients treated with urostomy was(59.85±5.16)points.Among them,the physiological status score was(15.07±2.53)points,the social/family status score was(9.02±2.97)points,the emotional status score was(6.48±2.24)points,the functional status score was(9.64±2.46)points,and the specific module score was(19.65±2.14)points.The results of univariate analysis showed that the differences of QOL scores of patients with different age,education level,monthly income,caregiver and stomostomy type were statistically significant(P<0.01).The results of multivariate linear regression analysis showed that the age,education level and stomostomy type were the influencing factors of the quality of life in patients with urostomy in Anhui area(P<0.01).Conclusions:The overall quality of life in patients with urostomy is low,and the content and form of health education should be flexible according to the specific conditions of patients in clinical work.