深圳市成年人血脂异常流行现况及影响因素分析

Prevalence and influencing factors of dyslipidemia in adults in Shenzhen

目的了解深圳市成年人血脂异常流行现况及其影响因素,为制定深圳市血脂异常防控策略提供参考依据。方法采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法,于2021年4—12月对深圳市10个区≥18岁常住居民进行问卷调查、体格检查和实验室检测。采用多因素logistic回归分析血脂异常影响因素。结果本研究共纳入6285名成年人,平均年龄(40.27±14.24)岁,男女性别比为0.99∶1。血脂异常2300例,患病率为36.60%(标化患病率38.35%)。多因素分析结果显示,女性(OR=0.758)、体重过低(OR=0.446)是深圳市成年人血脂异常的保护因素;35~64岁年龄组(OR=1.832)、65~94岁年龄组(OR=1.811)、超重(OR=1.719)、肥胖(OR=2.289)、现在吸烟(OR=1.409)、高血压(OR=1.575)、糖尿病(OR=2.285)、高尿酸(OR=1.953)是深圳市成年人血脂异常的危险因素。结论深圳市成年人血脂异常患病率较高,需加强大龄男性、超重肥胖、吸烟及患有慢性疾病等高危人群血脂的监测和生活行为方式的干预,从而预防血脂异常的发生。

Objective To understand the prevalence and influencing factors of dyslipidemia in adults in Shenzhen,and to provide reference for the prevention and control strategy of dyslipidemia in Shenzhen.Methods A multi‐stage stratified random sampling method was used to conduct questionnaire survey,physical examination,and laboratory testing among permanent residents aged≥18 years in 10 districts of Shenzhen from April to December 2021.Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of dyslipidemia.Results A total of 6285 adults were included,with a mean age of(40.27±14.24)years old,and male to female ratio was 0.99∶1,2300 of the participants were dyslipidemia,the prevalence rate was 36.60%(the standardized prevalence rate was 38.35%).The results of multivariate analysis showed that females(OR=0.758)and underweight(OR=0.446)were protective factors for dyslipidemia of adults in Shenzhen,and 35-64 years old(OR=1.832),65-94 years old(OR=1.811),overweight(OR=1.719),obesity(OR=2.289),current smoking(OR=1.409),hypertension(OR=1.575),diabetes(OR=2.285),hyperuricemia(OR=1.953)were the risk factors.Conclusions The prevalence of dyslipidemia in adults in Shenzhen is high,and it is necessary to strengthen the monitoring of blood lipids and intervention of lifestyle in high‐risk groups such as older men,overweight and obese,smoking and chronic diseases,so as to prevent the occurrence of dyslipidemia.