我国人口老龄化对卫生资源配置效率的影响分析

Impact of aging on the efficiency of health resource allocation in China

目的分析2013—2019年全国31个省份的卫生资源配置效率,并探讨我国人口老龄化对卫生资源配置效率的影响,为提高卫生资源配置效率提出相应的参考建议。方法采用数据包络分析方法对我国2013—2019年卫生资源配置数据进行分析,并以通过数据包络分析(Data envelopment analysis,以下简称DEA)得出的效率值为因变量,建立面板Tobit模型,进一步分析人口老龄化对卫生资源配置效率的影响。结果2013—2019年,我国卫生资源配置效率有待提高,其中有9个省份在2019年处于DEA相对有效状态;有16个省份同时处于纯技术效率和规模效率非有效状态。人口老龄化对卫生资源配置效率存在负向影响。结论人口老龄化影响卫生资源配置效率的提高,需加大卫生资源投入和调整卫生资源配置结构,以满足老年人口对卫生资源的需求,促进卫生资源配置的均衡性,从而提高卫生资源配置效率。

Objective To analyze the efficiency of health resource allocation and explore the impact of population aging on the efficiency of health resources allocation in 31 provinces of China from2013 to 2019 aiming to provide suggestions to improve the efficiency of health resource allocation.Methods Data envelopment analysis(DEA)was used to analyze the efficiency of health resource allocation in China.The DEA efficiency value was used as the dependent variable to establish a panel Tobit model to explore the impact of population aging on the efficiency of health resource allocation.Results From 2013 to 2019,the allocation efficiency of health resources needed to be improved;9 provinces were in the relatively effective state of DEA in 2019,whereas 16 provinces were in an inefficient state in terms of both pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency.Population aging has a negative influence on the efficiency of health resource allocation.Conclusions Population aging affects the efficiency of health resource allocation.To improve the efficiency of health resource allocation,it is necessary to increase the investment in health resources,adjust the allocation structure of health resources to meet the needs of the elderly population for health resources and promote the balanced allocation of health resources.