减振降噪声学超材料的研究与应用进展

Researches and Applications of Acoustic Metamaterials Related to Vibration and Noise Control

分析减振降噪声学超材料的研究进展,围绕减振降噪超材料研究领域的3个方向(拓宽带隙、可调带隙和多功能集成)阐述不同类型超材料的机理,比对其减振降噪特性。并在此基础上进一步介绍声学超材料在船舶海洋等实际工程中的应用。超材料利用对结构(包括几何与材料)的设计改变其等效物性参数,以实现声学设计中阻抗匹配或失配的需求,从而实现减振降噪。分析结果表明,超材料的研发与使用将大大拓展船舶减振降噪途径的选择范围,并可以帮助克服低频减振降噪的瓶颈。

The research progress of acoustic metamaterials on vibration and noise reduction is analyzed.The mechanism of different types of metamaterials is described based on three research directions in the field of vibration and noise reduction(widened bandgap,adjustable bandgap and multifunctional integration),and their vibration and noise reduction characteristics are compared.On this basis,the application of acoustic metamaterials in Marine engineering is further introduced.Metamaterials adjust their equivalent physical properties by structural design(including geometry and material),thus fulflling the requirements of impedance matching or mismatching in acoustic design,finally achieving vibration and noise manipulation.The research and application of metamaterials will enormously expand the options of vibration and noise control on ships,and favor in surmounting the barrier of low-frequency vibration and noise reduction.