榆林市土地利用转型及生态环境效应研究

Study on Land Use Transformation and Ecological Environment Effects in Yulin City

【目的】通过分析土地利用转型变化特征,定量表现因土地利用转型产生的生态环境正、负效应,为促进榆林市“三生”空间可持续发展,开展区域国土空间规划、资源节约、生态环境保护提供参考依据。【方法】选取榆林市2000、2005、2010、2015和2020年5期土地利用数据,根据“生产—生活—生态”划分土地利用的主导功能,并运用土地利用转移矩阵对榆林市土地利用情况进行研究。计算生态环境质量指数和土地利用转型生态贡献率,定量分析榆林市生态环境效应。【结果】2000—2020年,榆林市生产用地和生态用地面积减少,生活用地面积增加;土地利用的重心变化相对稳定,生活用地中心变化较为明显;榆林市生态环境质量指数从2000年的0.489 0增加到2020年的0.493 2,生态环境质量呈上升趋势;榆林市同时存在生态环境改善和恶化两种情况,但是改善的趋势稍大于恶化的趋势。【结论】榆林市应加强生态保护,推动生态环境质量进一步改善。

[Purposes]By analyzing the characteristics of land use transformation and quantitatively expressing the effects of ecological environment caused by land use transformation,this study provides a reference basis for promoting the sustainable development of the"three living"space in Yulin City,carrying out regional land space planning,resource conservation,and ecological environment protection.[Methods]The land use data of Yulin City in 2000,2005,2010,2015 and 2020 were selected,the leading functions of land use were divided according to"production-life-ecology",and the land use transfer matrix was used to study the land use situation of Yulin City,and the ecological environment quality index and ecological contribution rate of land use transformation were calculated to quantitatively analyze the ecological environment effect of Yulin City.[Findings]From 2000 to 2020,the area of production land and ecological land in Yulin City decreased,while the area of living land increased;The change of land use center is relatively stable,and the change of living land center is obvious.The ecological environment quality index of Yulin City increased from 0.4890 in 2000 to 0.4932 in 2020,and the ecological environment quality showed an upward trend.There are two kinds of ecological environment improvement and deterioration in Yulin city at the same time,but the trend of improvement is slightly greater than the trend of deterioration.[Conclusions]Yulin City should strengthen ecological protection and promote the further improvement of ecological environment quality.