注意缺陷多动障碍儿童父母情绪调节困难和儿童情绪调节的关系

Correlation between parental emotional regulation difficulties and emotional regulation in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

目的:探讨注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)儿童父母的情绪调节特点及其对ADHD儿童情绪调节的影响。方法:纳入140例符合美国精神障碍诊断与统计手册第四版(DSM-IV)ADHD诊断标准的儿童及其父母之一,68例正常儿童及其父母之一。采用情绪调节困难量表(DERS)、情绪调节问卷(ERQ)和儿童情绪调节量表(ERC)对父母和儿童情绪调节分别进行评估。结果:ADHD儿童父母DERS的策略使用、冲动控制和目标行为得分较正常对照组高(均P<0.05)。ADHD儿童ERC情绪不稳得分与父母的策略使用和冲动控制得分正相关,ERC儿童情绪调节得分与父母的策略使用、冲动控制和目标行为得分负相关(均P<0.01)。ERC儿童情绪调节得分在父母策略使用、冲动控制得分与儿童情绪不稳得分之间存在部分中介效应。结论:ADHD儿童父母存在多个维度的情绪调节缺陷,可对ADHD儿童情绪调节产生影响而加重情绪不稳表现。

Objective:To explore the characteristics of parental emotional regulation(ER)and its influence on the ER of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD).Methods:A total of 140 children with ADHD meeting the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders,Fourth Edition(DSM-IV)criteria and their parents,68 normal controls and their parents were recruited.ER was assessed using the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale(DERS),Emotion Regulation Questionnaire(ERQ)and Emotion Regulation Checklist(ERC).Results:Higher scores of DERS in emotion regulation strategies,impulse control and goal-directed behavior were found in parents of children with ADHD compared with parents of normal controls(Ps<0.05).The higher emotional lability(EL)of ERC and lower ER of ERC detected in children with ADHD were correlated with the emotion regulation strategies,impulse control and goal-directed behavior of their parents(Ps<0.01).The mediation analyses suggested that ER in children with ADHD may mediate the relationship of parental emotion regulation strategies and parental impulse control with children's EL.Conclusion:Parents of children with ADHD may exhibit emotional dysregulation in multiple subdimensions which might affect emotional regulation and aggravate the emotional lability of children with ADHD.