不同复杂度干扰影响下疏散标志搜索行为研究

Research on the search behavior of evacuation signs under the influence of interference of different complexity

为分析不同复杂度干扰因素对疏散标志搜索的影响,招募33名志愿者进行疏散标志搜索眼动试验。组织被试者完成了3×3因素设计的疏散标志视觉搜索试验,并对眼动数据进行了非参数检验。结果显示:不同复杂度各类型干扰物对疏散标志搜索任务均具有显著影响。在低复杂度水平中,物品类材料标志搜索用时最长;当复杂度增加至中等水平时,文字类、物品类材料标志搜索用时更长;至高复杂度时,图像类材料标志搜索用时更长。眼动数据分析显示,不同复杂度水平下,各类型材料眼动数据表现出显著差异。在低复杂度水平下,物品类材料注视点数量、扫视长度数据水平更高;在中复杂度水平下,文字类材料注视点数量、扫视长度明显增加;在高复杂度水平下,图像类材料注视点数量、扫视长度大幅增加,各注视点注视时长显著低于文字类、物品类材料。研究分析了不同复杂度水平各类型干扰因素对疏散标志搜索效率影响,分解了疏散人员视觉搜索眼动行为,可为提高疏散引导系统效能提供实证依据。

To analyze the influence of different complexity and types of interference factors on the visual search of evacuation signs,33 volunteers were recruited to conduct visual search eye-tracking experiments of evacuation signs.The participants completed the visual search experiment of evacuation signs designed by 3×3 factors and performed nonparametric tests on eye tracking data.The results show that different types of disturbances of different complexity have a significant impact on the evacuation sign search task.In the low complexity level,the search time for article material signs is the longest,and the search time for text and image material signs is similar.When the complexity increases to a medium level,the search time of text material signs increases,and the search time of image material signs is significantly greater than that of image material signs at the same time as article materials.At the highest complexity,the image material logo search takes longer.Eye-tracking data analysis shows that the eye-tracking data of different types of materials also showed significant differences at different complexity levels.In the low complexity level,the data level of the number of fixation points and the length of the saccade of the article material is higher.At the medium complexity level,the number of fixation points and the length of the saccade of text materials increased significantly.At the high complexity level,the number of fixation points and the length of the gaze of image materials increased significantly,and the fixation time of each fixation point was significantly lower than that of text and article materials.The above results show that the complexity and type of interference materials will have an impact on the visual search task of evacuation signs,and will show different interference intensities due to the complexity and interference materials.This study analyzes the influence of various types of interference factors at different complexity levels on the search efficiency of evacuation signs and decomposes the visual search eye movement behavior of evacuees,providing an empirical basis for improving the efficiency of the evacuation guidance system.