城市产业多样化与劳动力流动

Urban Industrial Diversity and Labor Mobility

多样化的产业发展模式已成为中国经济高质量发展的重要内容。基于2014—2017年全国流动人口动态监测调查数据库(CMDS),实证研究产业多样化对劳动力流动的具体效应。结果表明:(1)产业多样化对劳动力流动表现出“U型”影响。当产业多样化低于门槛值时,随着产业多样化增加,该城市对劳动力流向选择的吸引力减少;当产业多样化高于门槛值时,其增加会促进劳动力流入。(2)机制分析发现,产业多样化可能通过科技创新效应和生态文明效应影响劳动力流动。(3)异质性分析发现,迁移成本低的劳动力对产业多样化更加敏感,超大型城市流动的劳动力更容易受到产业多样化对其流向选择的促进作用。因此,应塑造核心产业与多元产业共同引航的发展生态,促进人才在区域内合理流动。

Diversified industrial development models have become an important element of China s high-quality economic development.Based on the China Migrants Dynamic Survey(CMDS)during 2014-2017,this paper empirically studies the specific effects of industrial diversity on labor mobility under the perspective of high quality development.The study shows that:(1)Industrial diversity has a“U-shaped”effect on labor mobility.When industrial diversity is lower than the threshold value,the attractiveness of the city to labor flow choices decreases with the increase of industrial diversity;When industrial diversity is higher than the threshold value,its increase promotes the inflow of labor.(2)Mechanism analysis reveals that industrial diversity may affect labor inflow through the effect of scientific and technological innovation and the effect of ecological civilization.(3)Heterogeneity analysis finds that laborers with low migration costs are more sensitive to industrial diversity;Laborers moving in mega cities are more likely to be affected by the promotion of urban industrial diversity on their flow choices.Therefore,a development ecology in which core industries and diversified industries are jointly navigated should be shaped to promote the rational mobility of talents within the region.