计及碳配额的电动公交车⁃配电网协同优化调度策略

Cooperative Optimal Scheduling Strategy for Distribution Network with Electric Buses Considering Carbon Quota

考虑个人碳交易机制在电动公交车优化调度中的应用,提出一种基于动态碳价格的碳配额激励机制,电动公交车用户可以通过出售碳配额获取一定的收益。首先,计及路况对电动公交车运行时间产生的影响,根据工作日与休息日交通指数对电动公交车进站时间进行修正,构建电动公交车工作日与休息日充电负荷模型;然后,将基于动态碳价格的碳配额激励机制运用于电动公交车与新能源协同调度策略,构建综合考虑用户与电网利益的多目标函数,并运用鲸鱼算法对目标函数进行求解;最后,基于经济指标和性能指标,对固定碳价格、动态碳价格两种激励机制进行对比分析,通过算例验证了基于动态碳价格的碳配额激励机制的电动公交车与新能源协同调度策略的优越性。

Considering the application of personal carbon emission trading mechanism in the optimal scheduling of electric buses,a carbon quota incentive mechanism based on dynamic carbon price is proposed,and electric bus users can sell carbon quotas to obtain certain benefits.Firstly,considering the impact of traffic conditions on the operating time of electric buses,the entry time of electric buses is modified based on the traffic index of weekdays and weekends,and a charging load model for electric buses on weekdays and weekends is constructed.Secondly,the carbon quota incentive mechanism based on dynamic carbon price is applied to the coordinated dispatching strategy of electric buses and renewable energy;a multi-objective function that comprehensively considers the interests of users and the grid is constructed;and the whale algorithm is used to solve the objective function.Finally,based on the economic and performance indicators,a comparative analysis is conducted on two incentive mechanisms,i.e.fixed carbon price and dynamic carbon price.The superiority of the carbon quota incentive mechanism based on dynamic carbon price for the cooperative scheduling strategy of electric buses and renewable energy is verified through example cases.