硬质聚氨酯泡沫/EG/MPP复合材料的制备及阻燃性能

Preparation and Flame Retardancy of Rigid Polyurethane Foam/Expanded Graphite/Melamine Pyrophosphate Composites

将三聚氰胺聚磷酸盐(MPP)与可膨胀石墨(EG)进行复配,并采用一步法全水发泡法制备了硬质聚氨酯泡沫/可膨胀石墨/三聚氰胺聚磷酸盐(RPUF/EG/MPP)复合材料。在此基础上,采用热重分析(TG)、阻燃测试、微型量热(MCC)、扫描电镜(SEM)系统研究RPUF/EG/MPP复合材料的热稳定性、阻燃性、燃烧特性和炭渣微观形貌。研究表明,EG和MPP的加入可以明显提高RPUF/EG/MPP复合材料的热稳定性,40.6份MPP和20.3份EG的加入使得RPUF-2在800℃时,残炭率高达31.7%。阻燃测试表明,MPP和EG之间存在协效阻燃作用,其最大极限氧指数可达29.9%。微型量热测试表明,MPP和EG的加入可以有效降低RPUF复合材料燃烧过程中的热释放,提升其火灾安全性能。

Melamine pyrophosphate(MPP)was combined with expanded graphite(EG),and rigid polyurethane foam/expanded graphite/melamine pyrophosphate(RPUF/EG/MPP)composites were prepared by a one-step all-water-blown method.On this basis,thermogravimetric analysis(TG),flame retardant tests,microscale combustion calorimeter(MCC)and scanning electron microscope(SEM)were applied to investigate the thermal stability,flame retardancy,combustion property and char residue micromorphology of the RPUF/EG/MPP composites.The results show that the incorporation of MPP and EG can significantly enhance thermal stability of the composites.RPUF-2 with MPP of 40.6 phr and EG of 20.3 phr has a high carbon yield of 31.7%at 800 o C.The flame retardant tests show the synergistic effect between MPP and EG,the maximal limiting oxygen index of RPUF/EG/MPP composites is 29.9%.MCC tests show that the addition of MPP and EG could effectively decrease the heat release of the composites during combustion,enhancing the fire safety of the composites.