贮存方式对云南产烟叶醇化的影响研究

Effects of storage methods on chemical constituents the aging of tobacco leaves from Yunnan

以云南宣威BFE、XFE和云南腾冲BFE烟叶为研究对象,对不同贮存库(机械库、自然库、保湿库)和不同醇化时间(3个月、9个月、12个月、15个月、18个月)下3种云南产烟叶的常规化学成分和挥发性香味成分进行对比分析,并对挥发性香味成分进行主成分分析。结果表明:1)烟叶中还原糖和总糖含量整体呈下降趋势,分别下降了9%~19%和12%~22%;自然库中醇化烟叶的还原糖和总糖含量下降速度较慢,机械库和保湿库中醇化烟叶的还原糖和总糖含量下降速度较快,氯离子和烟碱含量基本无变化,糖碱比呈波动性变化,云南腾冲BFE和云南宣威BFE烟叶中糖碱比的波动范围为7~11,而云南宣威XFE烟叶中糖碱比的波动范围为15~20。2)随着醇化的进行,贮存库中3种烟叶的挥发性香味成分含量呈快速上升趋势,其中酸类、酚类、酮类等物质增加较明显,且自然库中3种烟叶的挥发性香味成分含量最低。3)3种烟叶均提取两个主成分,其累计贡献率均达到100%,且贮存库中3种烟叶的挥发性香味成分的主成分都呈现出明显差异。因此,云南宣威BFE和XFE这2种烟叶更适合在机械库中进行醇化,而云南腾冲BFE烟叶更适合在保湿库中进行醇化。

Taking Xuanwei BFE,XFE and Tengchong BFE tobacco leaves in Yunnan province as the research object,the conventional chemical components and volatile aroma components of the above three kinds of tobacco leaves under different aging storage warehouses(mechanical warehouse,natural warehouse,moisturizing warehouse)and different aging storage time(3 months,9 months,12 months,15 months,18 months)were compared and analyzed,and the volatile aroma components were analyzed by principal component analysis.The results showed the following:1)the contents of reducing sugar and total sugar in tobacco leaves decreased by 9%~19%and 12%~22%,respectively.In natural warehouse,the reducing sugar and total sugar content of tobacco leaves decreased slowly,while in mechanical warehouse and moisturizing warehouse,the reducing sugar and total sugar contents decreased rapidly,but the contents of chloride ion and nicotine did not change basically.Furthermore,the sugar-nicotine ratio fluctuated in mechanical warehouse and moisturizing warehouse.The fluctuation range of Yunnan Tengchong BFE and Yunnan Xuanwei BFE tobacco leaves was 7~11,while the fluctuation range of Yunnan Xuanwei XFE tobacco leaves was 15~20.2)With the proceeding of aging,the content of volatile aroma components of three kinds of tobacco leaves in different warehouse showed a rapid upward trend,among which acids,phenols and ketones increased significantly.In the natural warehouse,the content of volatile aroma components of three kinds of tobacco leaves was the lowest.3)The results of principal component analysis showed that t The two principal components extracted from the same type of tobacco leaves in different warehouses had a cumulative contribution rate of 100%,and the principal components of volatile aroma components in the same type of tobacco leaves in different warehouses showed significant differences.Accordingly,mechanical warehouse was more suitable for Yunnan Xuanwei BFE and XFE tobacco leaves aging,while moisturizing warehouse was more suitable for Yunnan Tengchong BFE tobacco leaves aging.