基于非烤烟型烟草的加热卷烟化学成分与感官品质关系研究

Study on the relationship between chemical composition and sensory quality of heated cigarettes based on non-flue-cured tobacco

为研究非烤烟型烟草品种的烟叶化学成分与由其制得的加热卷烟感官品质的关系,对香料烟、晾晒烟、白肋烟、雪茄烟4种类型非烤烟型烟草烟叶样品的常规化学成分进行检测,通过代谢组学检测技术分析烟叶原料的挥发性代谢谱,采用正交偏最小二乘判别分析筛选出不同烟叶样品间的差异挥发性代谢物,并解析其与加热卷烟感官品质的相关关系。结果表明:香料烟烟叶的总糖和还原糖含量较高,白肋烟、晾晒烟和雪茄烟烟叶的植物碱、氮含量较高;白肋烟、晾晒烟、雪茄烟烟叶的挥发性代谢谱特征较相似,而与香料烟差异较大;在不同烟叶样品中,共筛选出130种差异挥发性代谢物,主要为酯类、酮类、杂环类和萜类物质;差异挥发性代谢物主要与加热卷烟烟气的细腻柔和、刺激性、干燥感、干净度得分呈显著正相关,与杂气和劲头得分呈显著负相关。

In order to study the relationship between the chemical composition of tobacco leaves of non-flue-cured tobacco varieties and the sensory quality of heated cigarettes made from them,the conventional chemical composition of four types of non-flue-cured tobacco leaf samples such as oriental tobacco,air/sun-cured tobacco,burley tobacco and cigar tobacco samples were detected.Volatile metabolite profiles were analyzed by metabolomic technique,the differential volatile metabolites in different tobacco leaves were screened by orthogonal partial least square discriminant analysis,and the correlation between them and sensory quality of heated tobacco leaves was analyzed.The results showed that the contents of total sugar and reducing sugar were higher in oriental tobacco leaves,and the contents of alkaloid and nitrogen were higher in burley tobacco,air/sun-cured tobacco and cigar tobacco leaves.The characteristics of volatile metabolites of burley tobacco,air/sun-cured tobacco and cigar tobacco were similar,but different from those of oriental tobacco.A total of 130 differential volatile metabolites were obtained from different tobacco types,mainly esters,ketones,heterocycles and terpenoids.The differential volatile metabolites were positively correlated with the attributes of the smoothness of smoke quality,irritancy,dry sensation and cleanliness,and negatively correlated with the attributes of unpleasant odor and strength.The results provide a reference for the formulation of heated cigarette products from non-flue-cured tobacco leaves.