南通市2018—2022年蜚蠊监测分析

Analysis of surveillance of Cockroaches in Nantong from 2018 to 2022

目的通过对蜚蠊长期监测,掌握蜚蠊的种群构成、密度、侵害率,分析蜚蠊的分布以及季节消长趋势等情况,为南通市蜚蠊防制提供科学有效的依据。方法每年在全市不同生境采用粘捕法进行蜚蠊监测,收集整理2018—2022年南通市全市蜚蠊的监测数据,数据采用χ^(2)检验进行组间比较。结果2018—2022年南通市共监测房间总数26590间,阳性房间数1423间,共捕获蜚蠊7641只,平均密度为0.29只/张,平均侵害率为5.35%,蜚蠊种类以德国小蠊为主,构成比为93.12%。不同生境蜚蠊密度和侵害率差别较大,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=11107.613、945.699,P<0.05),以农贸市场蜚蠊密度和侵害率最高。蜚蠊密度和侵害率各年份间差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=732.472、89.246,P<0.05)。蜚蠊密度季节消长趋势不同,不同生境和不同年份蜚蠊密度和侵害率均在5~11月最高。结论德国小蠊为南通市优势种群,农贸市场是南通市蜚蠊的优势生境,5~11月为蜚蠊活动高峰期。应根据蜚蠊的种群特征、生境特征和季节消长趋势,制定多样化蜚蠊防治措施。

Objective To provide a scientific and effective basis for the prevention and control of Cockroaches in Nantong by conducting long-term surveillance of Cockroaches with the purposes of understanding their population composition,density,and infestation rate,and analyzing their distribution and seasonal growth and decline trends.Methods Cockroach surveillance was carried out annually in different habitats across Nantong using the sticky trap method.The monitoring data of the citywide Cockroach in Nantong City from 2018 to 2022 were collected and organized,and the data were analyzed using Chi-square tests for inter-group comparison.Results From 2018 to 2022,a total of 26590 rooms were monitored in Nantong,with 1423 rooms testing positive.The surveillance captured 7641 Cockroaches,with an average density of 0.29 Cockroaches per sheet and an average infestation rate of 5.35%.Blattella germanica was the predominant Cockroach species,the proportion was 93.12%.Cockroach density and infestation rates across different habitats varied significantly,,the differences were statistically significant(χ^(2)=11107.613,945.699,P<0.05),with agricultural markets showing the highest density and infestation rates.There were statistically significant differences in Cockroach density and infestation rates across different years(χ^(2)=732.472,89.246,P<0.05).The seasonal growth and decline trend of Cockroach density varies,with the highest density and infestation rate occurring from May to November in different habitats and years.Conclusion Blattella germanica dominates the Cockroach population in Nantong,with agricultural markets being the primary habitat.The peak period of Cockroach activity spans from May to November.Diversified Cockroach control measures should be formulated based on the population characteristics,habitat features,and seasonal trends of Cockroach infestation.