海上风电机组安装施工方法现状、研究进展与展望

State-of-the-Art and Prospects of Installation Methods for Offshore Wind Turbines

随着全球海上风电产业规模迅速扩大、风机单机容量不断增加以及风电场逐渐向深远海发展,海上风机在安装施工方面的难度与成本不断上升。为应对这一形势,需要深入研究和细化适用于大型风机(10 MW及以上)在较深水域和恶劣海况下的安装方法。因此,该文整理和介绍了目前海上风电机组的主要安装方法和海上风电安装船的特性以及在未来的发展需求;在此基础上,对现阶段海上风机安装难点进行总结。文中进一步回顾了海上风机安装数值模拟方面的研究工作进展,并详细讨论了将数值模拟与风机安装的计划阶段和现场施工阶段相结合的方案,以提高安装效率,保障安全施工。

The difficulty and cost of the installation of offshore wind turbine(OWT)increases with the rapid development of the scale of the global offshore wind industry,the continuous enlargement of the capacity of the wind turbine and the development of wind farms towards deep sea.The installation methods suitable for large wind turbines(10 MW and above)in deeper waters and harsh sea conditions shall be thoroughly studied and refined to address this situation.Therefore,this article introduces and discusses the main installation methods of OWTs and the characteristics of OWT installation vessels,as well as their future development needs.On this basis,the installation difficulties of current OWTs are summarized.The research progresses in the numerical simulation of the OWT installation are further reviewed.The scheme of combining numerical simulation with the planning and on-site construction stages of wind turbine installation is discussed in detail to ensure safe construction and improve installation efficiency.